1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:13,150 [Music] 2 00:00:20,060 --> 00:00:17,330 hey what's up everybody you're watching 3 00:00:22,670 --> 00:00:20,070 NASA in Silicon Valley live for a 4 00:00:24,740 --> 00:00:22,680 November 8th 2018 and I am your host 5 00:00:27,230 --> 00:00:24,750 Danielle Carmichael and if you don't 6 00:00:29,150 --> 00:00:27,240 know NASA in Silicon Valley live is a 7 00:00:31,460 --> 00:00:29,160 conversational show out of NASA's Ames 8 00:00:34,009 --> 00:00:31,470 Research Center with all the various 9 00:00:36,290 --> 00:00:34,019 scientists researchers engineers and 10 00:00:38,360 --> 00:00:36,300 all-around cool folks here at NASA where 11 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:38,370 we talk about all of the nerdy NASA news 12 00:00:43,340 --> 00:00:40,050 that you need to know about and I'm 13 00:00:46,610 --> 00:00:43,350 joined by my friend and co-host Abbi hey 14 00:00:48,290 --> 00:00:46,620 hey everybody I am Abbi Taylor thanks 15 00:00:50,510 --> 00:00:48,300 for joining us again welcome back this 16 00:00:52,069 --> 00:00:50,520 week and I want to let everybody know 17 00:00:54,410 --> 00:00:52,079 where you can find us so we are 18 00:00:56,360 --> 00:00:54,420 simultaneously live on twitch YouTube 19 00:00:58,220 --> 00:00:56,370 and Facebook but if you want to 20 00:01:00,619 --> 00:00:58,230 participate in the chat you need to join 21 00:01:04,130 --> 00:01:00,629 us on Twitch so that's twitch.tv slash 22 00:01:06,139 --> 00:01:04,140 NASA but if you miss us live don't worry 23 00:01:08,420 --> 00:01:06,149 you will be on video on demand after the 24 00:01:10,340 --> 00:01:08,430 show including on NASA TV and if you 25 00:01:14,500 --> 00:01:10,350 prefer the audio version you can find us 26 00:01:17,240 --> 00:01:14,510 on your podcast service of choice so 27 00:01:19,580 --> 00:01:17,250 let's do it shall we do it yeah all 28 00:01:22,969 --> 00:01:19,590 right so did you know Danielle that 29 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:22,979 today is national stem day yes I did 30 00:01:26,929 --> 00:01:24,930 it's actually one of my favorite days of 31 00:01:31,910 --> 00:01:26,939 the year you're a fan of stem are you 32 00:01:34,969 --> 00:01:31,920 not I know about national stem day it's 33 00:01:37,490 --> 00:01:34,979 a day that's meant to inspire kids and 34 00:01:39,679 --> 00:01:37,500 people of all ages really to explore 35 00:01:41,780 --> 00:01:39,689 their love of science and pursue their 36 00:01:44,840 --> 00:01:41,790 interests in science technology 37 00:01:46,940 --> 00:01:44,850 engineering and math stem so here at 38 00:01:50,149 --> 00:01:46,950 NASA as you might imagine we are huge 39 00:01:53,319 --> 00:01:50,159 fans of stem that's right whether our 40 00:01:55,580 --> 00:01:53,329 researchers are sitting humans to space 41 00:01:57,139 --> 00:01:55,590 developing new technologies to explore 42 00:01:59,510 --> 00:01:57,149 the solar system and beyond or 43 00:02:02,209 --> 00:01:59,520 transforming the way we fly they have a 44 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:02,219 shared passion for stem absolutely so 45 00:02:05,990 --> 00:02:04,290 for today's show in celebration of 46 00:02:07,880 --> 00:02:06,000 national stem day we're going to 47 00:02:10,819 --> 00:02:07,890 introduce you to some of the amazing 48 00:02:12,949 --> 00:02:10,829 wonder women of NASA who work here at 49 00:02:15,050 --> 00:02:12,959 Ames Research Center they're all super 50 00:02:16,190 --> 00:02:15,060 huge fans of stem of course and they're 51 00:02:18,470 --> 00:02:16,200 going to talk to us about what they do 52 00:02:19,610 --> 00:02:18,480 at NASA how they got here and a whole 53 00:02:22,290 --> 00:02:19,620 lot more 54 00:02:24,180 --> 00:02:22,300 so I'm ready let's get this shirt off 55 00:02:26,490 --> 00:02:24,190 all right then 56 00:02:27,840 --> 00:02:26,500 before we go bring them in I want to 57 00:02:29,610 --> 00:02:27,850 remind everybody if you have a question 58 00:02:31,230 --> 00:02:29,620 please leave it in the chat and we'll 59 00:02:33,990 --> 00:02:31,240 try to get to those with each of our 60 00:02:36,240 --> 00:02:34,000 groups of researchers so you want to 61 00:02:39,090 --> 00:02:36,250 invite our first guest yeah let's get 62 00:02:42,540 --> 00:02:39,100 started so let's go ahead and welcome 63 00:03:05,250 --> 00:02:42,550 our first guest Yasmin Ali and Laura 64 00:03:07,290 --> 00:03:05,260 come on why don't we introduce you to 65 00:03:08,370 --> 00:03:07,300 everybody watching let's let's go down 66 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:08,380 the line if you could tell us your name 67 00:03:12,990 --> 00:03:10,450 and just quickly what do you do here at 68 00:03:14,970 --> 00:03:13,000 NASA I'm Laura Aki and I'm an 69 00:03:15,930 --> 00:03:14,980 atmospheric chemist so I study the 70 00:03:19,110 --> 00:03:15,940 composition of the Earth's atmosphere 71 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:19,120 very cool very cool okay so my name is 72 00:03:23,370 --> 00:03:21,010 Ali one-nighters nuna and I'm an 73 00:03:29,130 --> 00:03:23,380 aerospace and systems engineer a rocket 74 00:03:30,900 --> 00:03:29,140 scientist I'm awesome at Sherazi I'm a 75 00:03:33,840 --> 00:03:30,910 mechanical engineer who's turned into a 76 00:03:36,030 --> 00:03:33,850 biologist I'm a scientist in the space 77 00:03:37,890 --> 00:03:36,040 Biosciences research division and 78 00:03:39,449 --> 00:03:37,900 currently I'm the mission scientist for 79 00:03:45,660 --> 00:03:39,459 rodent research for the space biology 80 00:03:48,060 --> 00:03:45,670 program that's pretty cool so let's get 81 00:03:51,750 --> 00:03:48,070 things started so tell me about yourself 82 00:03:54,120 --> 00:03:51,760 like how did you know you wanted to you 83 00:03:55,860 --> 00:03:54,130 know work on rodents or you know work on 84 00:03:59,250 --> 00:03:55,870 payloads that flew that flight of the 85 00:04:00,990 --> 00:03:59,260 fly in space well it's a bit of a story 86 00:04:02,880 --> 00:04:01,000 I've always had a knack for engineering 87 00:04:05,160 --> 00:04:02,890 since I was a little child I always 88 00:04:08,310 --> 00:04:05,170 watch my dad fixing things around the 89 00:04:10,229 --> 00:04:08,320 house I remember at age 8 or 9 or 10 I 90 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:10,239 picked up a soldering iron and try to 91 00:04:24,780 --> 00:04:22,210 fix it was doing that and then I liked 92 00:04:26,550 --> 00:04:24,790 growing up so I always you know woke up 93 00:04:29,080 --> 00:04:26,560 in the mall of the night watched all the 94 00:04:32,830 --> 00:04:29,090 shuttle launches on landing 95 00:04:34,510 --> 00:04:32,840 and I grew up in Iran so at the time 96 00:04:37,270 --> 00:04:34,520 there was no space program there still 97 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:37,280 isn't a space program in Iran so for a 98 00:04:42,400 --> 00:04:39,980 long time this was not something like I 99 00:04:45,100 --> 00:04:42,410 thought I could achieve I was fortunate 100 00:04:48,310 --> 00:04:45,110 enough that I emigrated to the US when I 101 00:04:51,160 --> 00:04:48,320 was 16 and slowly I worked through all 102 00:04:53,530 --> 00:04:51,170 the challenges and I'm here today yeah 103 00:05:04,180 --> 00:04:53,540 that's pretty cool so you know I 104 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:04,190 actually think we have a photo of so I 105 00:05:09,310 --> 00:05:06,650 do biomechanics I do or three like 106 00:05:12,220 --> 00:05:09,320 biomechanics mainly bone biomechanics 107 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:12,230 and my grandma this is a picture of my 108 00:05:19,210 --> 00:05:13,730 grandmother at my high school graduation 109 00:05:21,130 --> 00:05:19,220 in Connecticut so I got inspired and I 110 00:05:23,260 --> 00:05:21,140 got interested in bone biomechanics 111 00:05:25,210 --> 00:05:23,270 because I grew up watching my 112 00:05:27,280 --> 00:05:25,220 grandmother having a hard time walking 113 00:05:29,560 --> 00:05:27,290 sitting down going up the stairs and 114 00:05:31,840 --> 00:05:29,570 then it was always something that we as 115 00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:31,850 a family had to keep in mind that you 116 00:05:35,950 --> 00:05:34,250 know where we going is it close enough 117 00:05:38,170 --> 00:05:35,960 to stairs where we're gonna park and all 118 00:05:39,850 --> 00:05:38,180 that yeah and then I think when I was 14 119 00:05:42,750 --> 00:05:39,860 there was a summer that my grandmother 120 00:05:46,090 --> 00:05:42,760 had a knee replacement surgery and 121 00:05:48,430 --> 00:05:46,100 within days she was able to walk and I 122 00:05:51,730 --> 00:05:48,440 was with her in the hospital during her 123 00:05:53,800 --> 00:05:51,740 physical therapy and all that and it was 124 00:05:55,210 --> 00:05:53,810 just a miracle you know to me it was you 125 00:05:56,950 --> 00:05:55,220 know for 14 years I've watched this 126 00:05:58,690 --> 00:05:56,960 person having a hard time walking and 127 00:06:00,220 --> 00:05:58,700 that every time the surgeons and the 128 00:06:01,930 --> 00:06:00,230 doctors were coming I would always study 129 00:06:07,240 --> 00:06:01,940 those brochures on the implants and all 130 00:06:09,490 --> 00:06:07,250 that stuff that people throw away those 131 00:06:11,200 --> 00:06:09,500 people in that room for those five six 132 00:06:13,990 --> 00:06:11,210 hours that's where they want to yeah 133 00:06:15,850 --> 00:06:14,000 dude yeah a life changing yes I got 134 00:06:19,630 --> 00:06:15,860 interested in bone mechanics 135 00:06:21,280 --> 00:06:19,640 and I started as a mechanical engineer I 136 00:06:22,990 --> 00:06:21,290 you know did a lot of bio 137 00:06:26,560 --> 00:06:23,000 instrumentation biomedical engineering 138 00:06:28,450 --> 00:06:26,570 and then when I was picking programs for 139 00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:28,460 grad school was very specific on what I 140 00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:31,370 wanted to do so I looked for the very 141 00:06:36,340 --> 00:06:32,930 specific program that was doing bone 142 00:06:37,810 --> 00:06:36,350 mechanics and then it just happened that 143 00:06:38,749 --> 00:06:37,820 it was sponsored by the human research 144 00:06:41,869 --> 00:06:38,759 program at 145 00:06:43,730 --> 00:06:41,879 NASA Johnson Oh so I got to do through 146 00:06:46,629 --> 00:06:43,740 the mechanics looking at bone loss 147 00:06:49,010 --> 00:06:46,639 recovery countermeasures in astronauts 148 00:06:51,739 --> 00:06:49,020 which was best of both worlds it was a 149 00:06:53,899 --> 00:06:51,749 NASA project but also working on 150 00:06:55,339 --> 00:06:53,909 orthopedic mechanics that is cool it's 151 00:07:00,439 --> 00:06:55,349 pretty cool so it's almost like that was 152 00:07:05,659 --> 00:07:00,449 your destiny I chose you don't have to 153 00:07:07,249 --> 00:07:05,669 know from the very beginning it doesn't 154 00:07:09,110 --> 00:07:07,259 have to be something big it's just 155 00:07:10,549 --> 00:07:09,120 everything around you that you have to 156 00:07:17,629 --> 00:07:10,559 look at and get more the way that 157 00:07:19,159 --> 00:07:17,639 inspired by ya like what did what did 158 00:07:21,950 --> 00:07:19,169 you know you wanted to be an aerospace 159 00:07:25,219 --> 00:07:21,960 engineer or as you like to say a rocket 160 00:07:27,559 --> 00:07:25,229 scientists yes that happens when I was 161 00:07:30,619 --> 00:07:27,569 like seven years old well I was very 162 00:07:32,089 --> 00:07:30,629 young yeah when I was actually I'm from 163 00:07:34,089 --> 00:07:32,099 Mexico so when I was growing up in 164 00:07:48,619 --> 00:07:34,099 Mexico my mother used to buy 165 00:07:50,480 --> 00:07:48,629 encyclopedias okay that's right and so 166 00:07:52,969 --> 00:07:50,490 they have cool pictures and things and 167 00:07:54,679 --> 00:07:52,979 so when I will come from school I will 168 00:07:57,709 --> 00:07:54,689 read them and that was like my 169 00:07:59,959 --> 00:07:57,719 entertainment right okay and and through 170 00:08:02,540 --> 00:07:59,969 one of those books I saw a picture of 171 00:08:04,489 --> 00:08:02,550 the Space Shuttle and you know how I was 172 00:08:08,269 --> 00:08:04,499 gonna transport humans into space right 173 00:08:10,070 --> 00:08:08,279 so I was captivated and I I've read 174 00:08:11,809 --> 00:08:10,080 about it and then I read about the 175 00:08:13,339 --> 00:08:11,819 description of the person that it was 176 00:08:16,429 --> 00:08:13,349 actually fueling that which was the 177 00:08:18,110 --> 00:08:16,439 aerospace engineer and I thought I was 178 00:08:20,149 --> 00:08:18,120 like I want to do this job I want to 179 00:08:22,570 --> 00:08:20,159 take you know humans in space build 180 00:08:25,279 --> 00:08:22,580 these school machines mm-hmm and so I 181 00:08:26,389 --> 00:08:25,289 because of that I went to my family and 182 00:08:33,079 --> 00:08:26,399 I said I want to be in their space 183 00:08:37,610 --> 00:08:33,089 engineer you know where did I get that 184 00:08:39,379 --> 00:08:37,620 name from you know right now - I came to 185 00:08:42,170 --> 00:08:39,389 United States and I was able to actually 186 00:08:44,680 --> 00:08:42,180 you know get that the Greek go to school 187 00:08:47,269 --> 00:08:44,690 and you know be able to you know get my 188 00:08:49,850 --> 00:08:47,279 aerospace engineering degree mm-hmm 189 00:08:51,490 --> 00:08:49,860 but otherwise in Mexico was like you 190 00:08:56,770 --> 00:08:51,500 know where did you get that 191 00:09:08,920 --> 00:08:56,780 the grief room right so that's the 192 00:09:15,910 --> 00:09:08,930 opposite yes we also have a photo that 193 00:09:17,680 --> 00:09:15,920 brought up on screen yeah so these are 194 00:09:20,650 --> 00:09:17,690 the two last astronauts who flew the 195 00:09:24,550 --> 00:09:20,660 last space shuttle he was a special 196 00:09:26,680 --> 00:09:24,560 because you know I actually I was 197 00:09:29,620 --> 00:09:26,690 working with the astronauts at a time 198 00:09:31,450 --> 00:09:29,630 that they were in space with the spheres 199 00:09:33,850 --> 00:09:31,460 program so I was an engineer with this 200 00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:33,860 program at that time and so we had a 12 201 00:09:40,480 --> 00:09:37,490 hour mission ops and then on my break I 202 00:09:42,910 --> 00:09:40,490 went and me these two last astronauts 203 00:09:44,560 --> 00:09:42,920 who flew the very last one and so for me 204 00:09:46,270 --> 00:09:44,570 it was like a combination right like a 205 00:09:50,110 --> 00:09:46,280 milestone like I cannot believe I'm here 206 00:09:52,330 --> 00:09:50,120 but yeah so yes super cool that's pretty 207 00:09:53,020 --> 00:09:52,340 cool nice all right well what about 208 00:09:56,170 --> 00:09:53,030 Laura 209 00:09:58,240 --> 00:09:56,180 well how did when and how did you know 210 00:10:00,280 --> 00:09:58,250 you wanted to be what you are today well 211 00:10:02,110 --> 00:10:00,290 in high school I had two really great 212 00:10:08,560 --> 00:10:02,120 chemistry classes and we got to make 213 00:10:11,080 --> 00:10:08,570 stinky things and that had me hooked 214 00:10:13,810 --> 00:10:11,090 pretty much from tenth grade excellent 215 00:10:15,490 --> 00:10:13,820 so everything here everything since then 216 00:10:18,490 --> 00:10:15,500 on is all the fault of my high school 217 00:10:19,840 --> 00:10:18,500 chemistry teacher and then when I was 218 00:10:21,250 --> 00:10:19,850 you know so I figured I go to college 219 00:10:21,580 --> 00:10:21,260 that was kind of always the thing in our 220 00:10:23,970 --> 00:10:21,590 family 221 00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:23,980 get your keep increasing your education 222 00:10:29,530 --> 00:10:27,290 so I was looking for colleges found 223 00:10:32,050 --> 00:10:29,540 college then after college wanted to do 224 00:10:33,820 --> 00:10:32,060 something with chemistry but a 225 00:10:36,070 --> 00:10:33,830 bachelor's in chemistry isn't really 226 00:10:37,210 --> 00:10:36,080 enough to to do chemistry research so I 227 00:10:39,130 --> 00:10:37,220 was looking around at the graduate 228 00:10:40,540 --> 00:10:39,140 programs trying to figure out what kind 229 00:10:42,070 --> 00:10:40,550 of chemistry I wanted to do and I knew I 230 00:10:44,350 --> 00:10:42,080 wanted to do something that would help 231 00:10:45,550 --> 00:10:44,360 the planet yeah I wasn't quite sure what 232 00:10:47,980 --> 00:10:45,560 that meant whether that was gonna be 233 00:10:49,630 --> 00:10:47,990 cleaning up Superfund sites or what but 234 00:10:53,290 --> 00:10:49,640 it was some things you know something to 235 00:10:55,210 --> 00:10:53,300 make the world better cleaner yeah and I 236 00:10:58,180 --> 00:10:55,220 was walking through the physics building 237 00:11:00,070 --> 00:10:58,190 at my college one day and I saw a flyer 238 00:11:02,050 --> 00:11:00,080 for an internship program for that 239 00:11:09,890 --> 00:11:02,060 summer and it was like two days till the 240 00:11:15,570 --> 00:11:12,660 got selected and I spent the summer at 241 00:11:19,620 --> 00:11:15,580 NASA Goddard ok was where I learned all 242 00:11:21,420 --> 00:11:19,630 about that ozone hole and how there was 243 00:11:22,950 --> 00:11:21,430 concern that the space shuttle engine 244 00:11:24,390 --> 00:11:22,960 exhaust might also lead to ozone 245 00:11:26,940 --> 00:11:24,400 depletion and I got to work for that guy 246 00:11:28,920 --> 00:11:26,950 who did that like it was really cool and 247 00:11:29,880 --> 00:11:28,930 so then at the end of the summer I said 248 00:11:30,780 --> 00:11:29,890 ok what do I do next 249 00:11:32,640 --> 00:11:30,790 and he said well you got to go to 250 00:11:33,840 --> 00:11:32,650 graduate school and I said ok where and 251 00:11:35,160 --> 00:11:33,850 he said well I met this woman at a 252 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:35,170 conference and she's you know she's 253 00:11:38,340 --> 00:11:36,250 teaching at this school and you should 254 00:11:40,140 --> 00:11:38,350 go there so I went there and then after 255 00:11:41,190 --> 00:11:40,150 having had just ten weeks of studying 256 00:11:43,320 --> 00:11:41,200 chemistry of the atmosphere 257 00:11:45,750 --> 00:11:43,330 I was pretty hooked then I went and 258 00:11:47,340 --> 00:11:45,760 spent was at five years I guess getting 259 00:11:49,950 --> 00:11:47,350 the degree and then moving on from there 260 00:11:52,260 --> 00:11:49,960 so it was it your destiny as well I 261 00:12:04,380 --> 00:11:52,270 think it might have been speaking of 262 00:12:06,150 --> 00:12:04,390 that we have a photo yes Rachel I always 263 00:12:07,920 --> 00:12:06,160 wanted curly hair my hair was a little 264 00:12:10,350 --> 00:12:07,930 too straight for the Farrah Fawcett era 265 00:12:11,700 --> 00:12:10,360 that I grew up ok so that was the summer 266 00:12:25,290 --> 00:12:11,710 I decided to give it a little chemical 267 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:25,300 help so what does all of this mean for 268 00:12:29,490 --> 00:12:27,850 you today right like what what is a day 269 00:12:32,100 --> 00:12:29,500 in the life of Laura the atmospheric 270 00:12:33,510 --> 00:12:32,110 chemistry tell us what you do well I 271 00:12:36,770 --> 00:12:33,520 don't catch anything on fire on a good 272 00:12:39,720 --> 00:12:36,780 day those are the bad days actually ok 273 00:12:41,490 --> 00:12:39,730 to do though is make measurements from 274 00:12:43,650 --> 00:12:41,500 aircraft that tell us about the 275 00:12:45,840 --> 00:12:43,660 composition of the Earth's atmosphere so 276 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:45,850 I work with a team I lead a team of five 277 00:12:50,130 --> 00:12:48,610 or six of us who calibrate instruments 278 00:12:52,140 --> 00:12:50,140 put them on aircraft and then analyze 279 00:12:54,540 --> 00:12:52,150 the data and then give the data to folks 280 00:12:56,180 --> 00:12:54,550 who collect data by satellite and then 281 00:12:58,170 --> 00:12:56,190 they use our sort of ground truth data 282 00:13:01,260 --> 00:12:58,180 to make sure that the satellites are 283 00:13:04,980 --> 00:13:01,270 returning properly yeah information ok 284 00:13:06,090 --> 00:13:04,990 your data closer to home right so some 285 00:13:08,400 --> 00:13:06,100 of my days are spent 286 00:13:09,870 --> 00:13:08,410 counting satellite orbits to figure out 287 00:13:10,840 --> 00:13:09,880 when we're gonna be over California at 288 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:10,850 the right time of day 289 00:13:15,249 --> 00:13:12,050 and some of my days are spent 290 00:13:15,639 --> 00:13:15,259 calibrating instruments and throwing 291 00:13:21,910 --> 00:13:15,649 wrenches 292 00:13:23,139 --> 00:13:21,920 I mean carefully tuning so the days are 293 00:13:25,210 --> 00:13:23,149 all pretty different actually but they 294 00:13:27,160 --> 00:13:25,220 kind of go on like a two-week cycle of 295 00:13:29,170 --> 00:13:27,170 preparing for a mission and then flying 296 00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:29,180 and then analyzing the data so I hope 297 00:13:34,720 --> 00:13:31,370 some of those days you actually get to 298 00:13:37,329 --> 00:13:34,730 fly ahead you fly I have twice been up 299 00:13:41,439 --> 00:13:37,339 to collect data and I've only thrown up 300 00:13:43,449 --> 00:13:41,449 once know the landing back here at 301 00:13:44,980 --> 00:13:43,459 Moffett Field is kind of tough actually 302 00:13:47,829 --> 00:13:44,990 because the air space is so congested 303 00:13:49,689 --> 00:13:47,839 with SFO the San Francisco International 304 00:13:51,280 --> 00:13:49,699 Airport and then San Jose Airport and 305 00:13:53,230 --> 00:13:51,290 then there's a couple smaller airports 306 00:13:55,210 --> 00:13:53,240 and so when the aircraft that we use for 307 00:13:56,379 --> 00:13:55,220 collecting data wants to get to Moffett 308 00:13:58,240 --> 00:13:56,389 Field they have to come in through a 309 00:13:59,889 --> 00:13:58,250 really tiny sort of channel and they 310 00:14:00,730 --> 00:13:59,899 make a really hard turn and they come 311 00:14:15,490 --> 00:14:00,740 down really fast 312 00:14:17,559 --> 00:14:15,500 and it kind of messed with me what's the 313 00:14:20,439 --> 00:14:17,569 name of your project or your plane or so 314 00:14:22,509 --> 00:14:20,449 the project is called Ajax okay alpha 315 00:14:24,519 --> 00:14:22,519 jet atmospheric experiment well it's 316 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:24,529 pretty cool and we met actually a couple 317 00:14:31,389 --> 00:14:29,810 members of her team remember Caroline 318 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:31,399 and Emma came in in their full flight 319 00:14:43,720 --> 00:14:33,410 suits and that's where at altitudes like 320 00:14:45,220 --> 00:14:43,730 that but whatever maybe yes so you can 321 00:14:47,189 --> 00:14:45,230 see the plane in the back there and so 322 00:14:49,720 --> 00:14:47,199 this is three of us from the team 323 00:14:51,999 --> 00:14:49,730 deciding the last-minute changes you can 324 00:14:53,949 --> 00:14:52,009 see the the blue instrument cart there 325 00:14:57,309 --> 00:14:53,959 under the wing and you can see the 326 00:14:58,780 --> 00:14:57,319 little GPS on the top of the cone there 327 00:15:00,850 --> 00:14:58,790 so we're getting everything ready and 328 00:15:01,900 --> 00:15:00,860 synchronized we need to synchronize all 329 00:15:04,449 --> 00:15:01,910 the instruments to get them all warmed 330 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:04,459 up before flight and I'm guessing that 331 00:15:07,660 --> 00:15:06,050 at the point this picture was taken I 332 00:15:10,210 --> 00:15:07,670 was probably cursing the weather because 333 00:15:11,920 --> 00:15:10,220 if you look at the sky you'll see that 334 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:11,930 the satellites were not gonna see very 335 00:15:16,420 --> 00:15:14,810 much so I'm guessing I was probably 336 00:15:17,769 --> 00:15:16,430 trying to decide if we need to go to a 337 00:15:19,240 --> 00:15:17,779 different location right instead of 338 00:15:21,040 --> 00:15:19,250 going offshore maybe we would be 339 00:15:22,299 --> 00:15:21,050 changing the plan to go into the Central 340 00:15:23,160 --> 00:15:22,309 Valley if it was clear there do you 341 00:15:25,019 --> 00:15:23,170 always play around cattle 342 00:15:28,410 --> 00:15:25,029 yeah California Nevada we've got about a 343 00:15:31,139 --> 00:15:28,420 two hour duration okay yeah cool pretty 344 00:15:34,049 --> 00:15:31,149 cool mr. sting oh hey we better move on 345 00:15:40,169 --> 00:15:34,059 and learn about a rather guess so what's 346 00:15:42,509 --> 00:15:40,179 a day of the life of oh very much like 347 00:15:44,340 --> 00:15:42,519 hers you know like I I do different 348 00:15:46,919 --> 00:15:44,350 things it's not always the same very 349 00:15:49,379 --> 00:15:46,929 yes very different it varies from day to 350 00:15:52,979 --> 00:15:49,389 day it's never the same thing and we 351 00:15:55,139 --> 00:15:52,989 build satellites so small cube sets 352 00:15:59,579 --> 00:15:55,149 you have baking of snow sets actually 353 00:16:00,329 --> 00:15:59,589 uh-huh you brought one one for you thank 354 00:16:08,929 --> 00:16:00,339 you thank you 355 00:16:12,419 --> 00:16:08,939 so as you can see right this one is a 356 00:16:12,749 --> 00:16:12,429 one and a half you that's what we call 357 00:16:14,819 --> 00:16:12,759 them 358 00:16:17,159 --> 00:16:14,829 it's ten and they go by 10 centimeters 359 00:16:21,449 --> 00:16:17,169 so tell me something ivy so movie one 360 00:16:23,939 --> 00:16:21,459 this one is 15 centimeters so is 1/2 and 361 00:16:25,650 --> 00:16:23,949 this is a satellite it is sadly actually 362 00:16:34,400 --> 00:16:25,660 this is just a miniature it's no 363 00:16:37,499 --> 00:16:34,410 actually the size so as you can imagine 364 00:16:39,900 --> 00:16:37,509 it's almost like a watch that you have 365 00:16:43,769 --> 00:16:39,910 to build that it takes a lot of 366 00:16:46,169 --> 00:16:43,779 precision and tries and we start with 367 00:16:48,989 --> 00:16:46,179 the different instrumentations and we 368 00:16:51,090 --> 00:16:48,999 build up right and as you can see this 369 00:16:54,119 --> 00:16:51,100 one right here is called the notes and 370 00:16:57,179 --> 00:16:54,129 we flew it we build it and flew it from 371 00:17:00,059 --> 00:16:57,189 deployed from the space station in 2016 372 00:17:03,119 --> 00:17:00,069 and this is just one size we the one 373 00:17:06,480 --> 00:17:03,129 that I just finished it was a 6u but it 374 00:17:09,509 --> 00:17:06,490 was a long six year okay and it was 60 375 00:17:11,909 --> 00:17:09,519 well actually it was 74 centimeters so 376 00:17:14,939 --> 00:17:11,919 it's more than six years and he had a 377 00:17:17,399 --> 00:17:14,949 lot of instrumentation we have like no 378 00:17:19,819 --> 00:17:17,409 our radio we had a NOAA radio that is 379 00:17:24,950 --> 00:17:19,829 going to talk to the east and ghost 380 00:17:29,630 --> 00:17:27,950 ya know I try to develop these radios so 381 00:17:31,640 --> 00:17:29,640 they asked us to fly it so we're flying 382 00:17:34,420 --> 00:17:31,650 it for them and then we have a lunar 383 00:17:37,130 --> 00:17:34,430 radio which is the first of its kind is 384 00:17:40,100 --> 00:17:37,140 if it works we can actually talk from 385 00:17:42,830 --> 00:17:40,110 Earth to this to the moon distance with 386 00:17:45,590 --> 00:17:42,840 no real aid so which is yeah which is 387 00:17:46,790 --> 00:17:45,600 something you know that a lot of people 388 00:17:48,170 --> 00:17:46,800 are interested because since we're going 389 00:17:51,040 --> 00:17:48,180 to the moon we want to build that 390 00:17:52,580 --> 00:17:51,050 infrastructure and then we also have 391 00:18:00,920 --> 00:17:52,590 Wi-Fi 392 00:18:04,850 --> 00:18:00,930 communicate from the satellite to the 393 00:18:07,390 --> 00:18:04,860 ground and get video or data right we 394 00:18:09,860 --> 00:18:07,400 actually have a radio that you can use 395 00:18:11,960 --> 00:18:09,870 and then we also have wireless sensors 396 00:18:13,660 --> 00:18:11,970 so they're like do you think wireless 397 00:18:18,410 --> 00:18:13,670 sensors and I think she and some rather 398 00:18:20,420 --> 00:18:18,420 and I'm going to show you so this is how 399 00:18:21,980 --> 00:18:20,430 we started I just want to show you guys 400 00:18:25,370 --> 00:18:21,990 this is how we started the first 401 00:18:28,370 --> 00:18:25,380 wireless sensor this is what we ended up 402 00:18:30,050 --> 00:18:28,380 building event so these tiny ones are 403 00:18:32,630 --> 00:18:30,060 the ones that we put in our satellites 404 00:18:35,060 --> 00:18:32,640 right and so we can put them anywhere in 405 00:18:38,030 --> 00:18:35,070 inside the satellite and and it will 406 00:18:39,950 --> 00:18:38,040 communicate to a coordinator oh and it 407 00:18:42,220 --> 00:18:39,960 will be able to give us data whatever 408 00:18:46,820 --> 00:18:42,230 sensor we have in here so we can have a 409 00:18:48,440 --> 00:18:46,830 temperature pressure materials we also 410 00:18:51,620 --> 00:18:48,450 have some of the satellites that are 411 00:18:53,840 --> 00:18:51,630 work we have TPS material at the bottom 412 00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:53,850 so we can actually if we want we can 413 00:18:57,800 --> 00:18:55,890 embed some instrumentation into the 414 00:19:00,410 --> 00:18:57,810 material and then learn how one is 415 00:19:02,270 --> 00:19:00,420 burning coming through the entry you 416 00:19:04,370 --> 00:19:02,280 know it burns right and something that 417 00:19:06,380 --> 00:19:04,380 was a protection down there like yeah 418 00:19:09,190 --> 00:19:06,390 check the instruments for burning up we 419 00:19:12,650 --> 00:19:09,200 won't know how how fast it's burning 420 00:19:14,300 --> 00:19:12,660 ohyes the material right and so that's 421 00:19:15,680 --> 00:19:14,310 what we use and then these were here 422 00:19:17,960 --> 00:19:15,690 bread it because this is actually the 423 00:19:19,370 --> 00:19:17,970 radio that we use for the satellite so 424 00:19:22,610 --> 00:19:19,380 we can actually communicate with the 425 00:19:25,670 --> 00:19:22,620 satellite via or computers email and we 426 00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:25,680 can also use our phones so we can 427 00:19:29,900 --> 00:19:27,690 actually sync a man or receive commands 428 00:19:33,020 --> 00:19:29,910 from the sander it's crazy through these 429 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:33,030 you know so and that's just you know 430 00:19:41,290 --> 00:19:34,890 just one there's all the stuff that I've 431 00:19:47,540 --> 00:19:44,480 yes it gets deployed we can actually saw 432 00:19:50,210 --> 00:19:47,550 who we were filming the space station 433 00:19:51,980 --> 00:19:50,220 and then we're giving the data and it's 434 00:19:54,230 --> 00:19:51,990 actually compressing it on board and 435 00:19:56,900 --> 00:19:54,240 then we when we get it here we actually 436 00:19:59,870 --> 00:19:56,910 put it together and so we even them in 437 00:20:04,340 --> 00:19:59,880 media you know something interesting so 438 00:20:10,160 --> 00:20:04,350 that's Dan live you're building yes 439 00:20:11,570 --> 00:20:10,170 satellite well looks like Laura dime 440 00:20:20,030 --> 00:20:11,580 they're pretty excited what about you 441 00:20:21,890 --> 00:20:20,040 guys so again as everyone else mentioned 442 00:20:23,510 --> 00:20:21,900 it really depends what you're working on 443 00:20:26,660 --> 00:20:23,520 and what phase of the mission you're in 444 00:20:28,600 --> 00:20:26,670 so I wear two hats one that I don't wear 445 00:20:31,160 --> 00:20:28,610 very often these days is my research had 446 00:20:32,930 --> 00:20:31,170 my second had that I wear all the time 447 00:20:35,690 --> 00:20:32,940 almost these days is my mission 448 00:20:39,110 --> 00:20:35,700 scientist hat so the International Space 449 00:20:41,510 --> 00:20:39,120 Station ISS was built as a laboratory it 450 00:20:44,330 --> 00:20:41,520 took us over a decade to build it but 451 00:20:47,540 --> 00:20:44,340 now it's it's full capacity and we're 452 00:20:49,010 --> 00:20:47,550 using as a laboratory off the earth so 453 00:20:51,470 --> 00:20:49,020 that we can use the results that we get 454 00:20:53,330 --> 00:20:51,480 for the people who are on earth so I 455 00:20:55,250 --> 00:20:53,340 worked with one of the few model 456 00:20:58,370 --> 00:20:55,260 organisms that are on this station I 457 00:21:01,100 --> 00:20:58,380 work with rodents and then so we use 458 00:21:03,260 --> 00:21:01,110 rodents as like a translational model 459 00:21:08,630 --> 00:21:03,270 because we can collect more data and 460 00:21:10,580 --> 00:21:08,640 then we can do a very detailed study and 461 00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:10,590 then collect information that we 462 00:21:16,760 --> 00:21:13,410 couldn't collect on people but then we 463 00:21:18,650 --> 00:21:16,770 use those results to come up to study 464 00:21:21,770 --> 00:21:18,660 diseases or come up come up with cures 465 00:21:24,260 --> 00:21:21,780 or countermeasures for people and then 466 00:21:27,910 --> 00:21:24,270 so basically my job is working with the 467 00:21:31,580 --> 00:21:27,920 scientists at either NASA or 468 00:21:34,430 --> 00:21:31,590 universities commercial entities you 469 00:21:36,590 --> 00:21:34,440 know industrial companies to take their 470 00:21:38,750 --> 00:21:36,600 science from the lab bench to their 471 00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:38,760 national space station now as you can 472 00:21:43,340 --> 00:21:41,610 imagine that involves working with the 473 00:21:45,350 --> 00:21:43,350 scientists scientists and and 474 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:45,360 translating what they have for their 475 00:21:49,530 --> 00:21:47,610 science requirements for engineers for 476 00:21:51,090 --> 00:21:49,540 operations special 477 00:21:52,770 --> 00:21:51,100 trained the crew members to do the 478 00:21:56,910 --> 00:21:52,780 science I mean a lot of the crew members 479 00:21:59,900 --> 00:21:56,920 don't have a science background but you 480 00:22:02,330 --> 00:21:59,910 know the overachiever people they are 481 00:22:04,860 --> 00:22:02,340 [Laughter] 482 00:22:07,860 --> 00:22:04,870 you know an Air Force pilot or test 483 00:22:10,050 --> 00:22:07,870 pilot you can work with rodents or 484 00:22:13,500 --> 00:22:10,060 plants or souls that they've never done 485 00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:13,510 before so you know once once we do all 486 00:22:18,660 --> 00:22:16,210 that then we're ready for flight so we 487 00:22:22,020 --> 00:22:18,670 go down to Kennedy Space Center to 488 00:22:24,810 --> 00:22:22,030 launch our payload on SpaceX Dragon and 489 00:22:26,640 --> 00:22:24,820 then we just wait for it hoping it 490 00:22:28,230 --> 00:22:26,650 launches if it doesn't launch then you 491 00:22:30,420 --> 00:22:28,240 know we go back to the drawing board do 492 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:30,430 everything all over again and then the 493 00:22:33,570 --> 00:22:32,050 minute it launches you want to you know 494 00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:33,580 take a deep breath because you're so 495 00:22:36,930 --> 00:22:35,290 relieved but then you have to remind 496 00:22:38,220 --> 00:22:36,940 yourself that this is just the beginning 497 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:38,230 because now you have to do the whole 498 00:22:44,460 --> 00:22:42,970 mission on orbit not only you have to go 499 00:22:48,130 --> 00:22:44,470 to work but now you have to go to work 500 00:22:52,540 --> 00:22:51,130 a lot of times we come to work at 11:00 501 00:22:55,150 --> 00:22:52,550 p.m. California time we're talking 502 00:22:58,450 --> 00:22:55,160 California time so that we can work with 503 00:23:01,180 --> 00:22:58,460 the crew when they wake up so I have a 504 00:23:04,450 --> 00:23:01,190 couple of things for you so like what 505 00:23:08,020 --> 00:23:04,460 are what's this like these are 3d 506 00:23:12,460 --> 00:23:08,030 printed bone models that's so these 507 00:23:18,400 --> 00:23:12,470 these have been gained by computer 508 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:18,410 tomography or so so the micro CT that we 509 00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:20,690 use is just like the clinical CT that 510 00:23:26,620 --> 00:23:23,210 everyone uses but at a very smaller 511 00:23:30,940 --> 00:23:26,630 scale with a high resolution okay one of 512 00:23:33,370 --> 00:23:30,950 the things that happens to humans as 513 00:23:35,710 --> 00:23:33,380 well as rodents in microgravity is bone 514 00:23:41,350 --> 00:23:35,720 loss so being in microgravity is similar 515 00:23:43,540 --> 00:23:41,360 to accelerated aging and so now now 516 00:23:45,280 --> 00:23:43,550 we're we're working with you know 517 00:23:46,620 --> 00:23:45,290 different groups to both an exercise 518 00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:46,630 machine to come up with countermeasures 519 00:23:51,490 --> 00:23:49,450 for our astronauts and then we use 520 00:23:54,580 --> 00:23:51,500 rodent models to study this because 521 00:23:57,280 --> 00:23:54,590 rodents have a much shorter lifespan 522 00:23:59,800 --> 00:23:57,290 their lifespan is about two years and 523 00:24:03,250 --> 00:23:59,810 then the changes that happen in their 524 00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:03,260 fazil like muscular skull physiology is 525 00:24:09,310 --> 00:24:05,930 very similar to changes that happens in 526 00:24:12,070 --> 00:24:09,320 humans so we use rodents we send them to 527 00:24:14,710 --> 00:24:12,080 the ISS in microgravity so that the the 528 00:24:16,720 --> 00:24:14,720 changes that happens in there let's say 529 00:24:19,510 --> 00:24:16,730 muscles or bones in you know a matter of 530 00:24:20,890 --> 00:24:19,520 30 or 60 days is it cool and - you know 531 00:24:23,500 --> 00:24:20,900 couple months or a couple of years in 532 00:24:25,510 --> 00:24:23,510 people yeah and that's all we have - yes 533 00:24:33,370 --> 00:24:25,520 does that mean you've got a little tiny 534 00:24:42,100 --> 00:24:33,380 Mouse treadmill here on the ground we 535 00:24:44,370 --> 00:24:42,110 have a full 1/2 ISS yes actually that's 536 00:24:46,510 --> 00:24:44,380 that's one of my expertise during my 537 00:24:49,780 --> 00:24:46,520 graduate work and then here my 538 00:24:52,090 --> 00:24:49,790 postdoctoral work at NASA I worked on 539 00:24:54,520 --> 00:24:52,100 countermeasures focusing on exercise so 540 00:24:57,640 --> 00:24:54,530 treadmill running resistance training 541 00:24:59,080 --> 00:24:57,650 aerobic versus you know does this stand 542 00:25:01,200 --> 00:24:59,090 so that's that's a lot of whittling 543 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:01,210 working on 544 00:25:07,660 --> 00:25:05,330 nutrition and exercise is something that 545 00:25:10,240 --> 00:25:07,670 has proven to be beneficial for both 546 00:25:12,070 --> 00:25:10,250 rodents and humans so I read the 547 00:25:14,260 --> 00:25:12,080 advanced resistance exercise device is 548 00:25:21,130 --> 00:25:14,270 on orbit now so all the crew have to 549 00:25:23,500 --> 00:25:21,140 workout about 2 to 3 hours of day so I 550 00:25:25,120 --> 00:25:23,510 think we have before we move on real 551 00:25:26,410 --> 00:25:25,130 quickly we have an origin photo or 552 00:25:31,570 --> 00:25:26,420 another origin photo a day-in-the-life 553 00:25:33,730 --> 00:25:31,580 photo this is this is the micro CT 554 00:25:35,740 --> 00:25:33,740 machine that I mentioned so what you see 555 00:25:38,890 --> 00:25:35,750 there is a femur but this is basically 556 00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:38,900 where these scans are made and we create 557 00:25:43,960 --> 00:25:41,690 3d models of the bones to quantify the 558 00:25:45,190 --> 00:25:43,970 changes that have happened so we've got 559 00:25:46,870 --> 00:25:45,200 two types of bones we've got the 560 00:25:49,360 --> 00:25:46,880 cortical bone which is like the long 561 00:25:51,100 --> 00:25:49,370 tube-like bone and we have cat cells or 562 00:25:54,430 --> 00:25:51,110 spongy bone which is what I showed you 563 00:25:57,240 --> 00:25:54,440 okay and then all those little struts 564 00:26:00,520 --> 00:25:57,250 are called tropical eyes so we look at 565 00:26:01,990 --> 00:26:00,530 their structure their integrity and 566 00:26:04,570 --> 00:26:02,000 whether they're broken or whether 567 00:26:06,940 --> 00:26:04,580 they're intact and how they change with 568 00:26:11,800 --> 00:26:06,950 spaceflight or exercise or diet or 569 00:26:14,110 --> 00:26:11,810 nutrition shall we go on to our first 570 00:26:18,070 --> 00:26:14,120 segment because we have so much to talk 571 00:26:21,310 --> 00:26:18,080 about and games to play ok head into our 572 00:26:24,400 --> 00:26:21,320 let's play segment ok this may include 573 00:26:26,500 --> 00:26:24,410 game controllers 12 sided dice or matted 574 00:26:29,910 --> 00:26:26,510 bubbles it's all an excuse to play games 575 00:26:34,940 --> 00:26:29,920 and talk about science let's get 576 00:26:38,909 --> 00:26:37,200 all right so let me tell you what's 577 00:26:41,310 --> 00:26:38,919 gonna happen here we're calling this our 578 00:26:42,870 --> 00:26:41,320 women at NASA quiz and here's how it's 579 00:26:45,030 --> 00:26:42,880 gonna work we'll put up an image on the 580 00:26:47,430 --> 00:26:45,040 monitor of an amazing NASA woman and 581 00:26:49,440 --> 00:26:47,440 we're we're gonna give you clues about 582 00:26:53,370 --> 00:26:49,450 who that person might be you try to 583 00:26:55,500 --> 00:26:53,380 identify them by name and if anybody 584 00:26:56,820 --> 00:26:55,510 playing at home wants to get in on it 585 00:26:59,520 --> 00:26:56,830 write your answer in the chat and we'll 586 00:27:01,140 --> 00:26:59,530 see who finds it first yeah okay all 587 00:27:04,350 --> 00:27:01,150 right ready so let's bring up our first 588 00:27:06,299 --> 00:27:04,360 Wonder Woman so for your first clue 589 00:27:08,789 --> 00:27:06,309 so prior to NASA her research 590 00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:08,799 engineering career resulted in three 591 00:27:32,940 --> 00:27:29,970 patents so other fun facts for you guys 592 00:27:35,940 --> 00:27:32,950 watching she was the first Hispanic 593 00:27:38,940 --> 00:27:35,950 woman to go to space and she recently 594 00:27:41,450 --> 00:27:38,950 just retired but before that she serves 595 00:27:43,980 --> 00:27:41,460 as director of NASA's Johnson Space 596 00:27:44,960 --> 00:27:43,990 Center and she was the second woman to 597 00:27:50,220 --> 00:27:44,970 do so 598 00:27:54,210 --> 00:27:50,230 that's pretty impressive not too shabby 599 00:27:57,690 --> 00:27:54,220 for a career path all right let's go on 600 00:28:00,270 --> 00:27:57,700 to our second NASA woman get that up 601 00:28:06,200 --> 00:28:00,280 there I will read you the first clue 602 00:28:14,190 --> 00:28:12,030 and I at least read the first classes 603 00:28:16,650 --> 00:28:14,200 first female non-military 604 00:28:20,580 --> 00:28:16,660 chief of the astronaut office not too 605 00:28:28,920 --> 00:28:20,590 bad she is I'm gonna give these two a 606 00:28:30,690 --> 00:28:28,930 chance she is NASA's most experienced 607 00:28:33,000 --> 00:28:30,700 astronaut holding the American record 608 00:28:34,770 --> 00:28:33,010 for the most time spent in space 609 00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:34,780 surpassing Jeffrey Williams and Scott 610 00:28:41,250 --> 00:28:39,250 Kelly in 2017 with 665 days yeah and she 611 00:28:43,950 --> 00:28:41,260 also holds the records for total 612 00:28:46,430 --> 00:28:43,960 spacewalks by a woman at 10 and the 613 00:28:49,800 --> 00:28:46,440 longest single space flight by a woman 614 00:28:52,140 --> 00:28:49,810 so she clearly is amazing yes man why 615 00:29:01,170 --> 00:28:52,150 don't you tell us dr. Peggy Whitson 616 00:29:04,260 --> 00:29:01,180 yeah she's amazing very motivated very 617 00:29:08,820 --> 00:29:04,270 committed so yeah also very much enjoyed 618 00:29:11,430 --> 00:29:08,830 it move on to our third third Wonder 619 00:29:15,360 --> 00:29:11,440 Woman and I'm hoping that I can at least 620 00:29:18,120 --> 00:29:15,370 get through the first couple clues so 621 00:29:19,830 --> 00:29:18,130 she is known for her work analyzing data 622 00:29:24,470 --> 00:29:19,840 from Windtunnel experiments in 623 00:29:38,640 --> 00:29:28,290 she was NASA's first african-american 624 00:29:40,590 --> 00:29:38,650 female engineer same group and so along 625 00:29:42,330 --> 00:29:40,600 with Catherine Johnson and Dorothy 626 00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:42,340 Vaughn she made it part of NASA's 627 00:29:46,410 --> 00:29:44,710 Langley of research 628 00:29:50,880 --> 00:29:46,420 Langley's research center human-computer 629 00:29:52,770 --> 00:29:50,890 group mm-hmm human computers yes so if 630 00:29:57,390 --> 00:29:52,780 it's not Katherine Johnson and it's not 631 00:30:10,790 --> 00:29:57,400 Dorothy Vaughn Mary Jackson yeah 632 00:30:17,610 --> 00:30:15,120 awesome alright number four we ready she 633 00:30:19,740 --> 00:30:17,620 helped launch NASA's first successful 634 00:30:23,040 --> 00:30:19,750 astronomical mission the orbiting solar 635 00:30:24,570 --> 00:30:23,050 observatory one she was the first chief 636 00:30:26,340 --> 00:30:24,580 of astronomy in the office of space 637 00:30:28,530 --> 00:30:26,350 science and the first woman to hold an 638 00:30:31,620 --> 00:30:28,540 executive position at NASA that's cool 639 00:30:34,080 --> 00:30:31,630 and I love this she is called the mother 640 00:30:36,210 --> 00:30:34,090 of Hubble through her oversight for 641 00:30:42,300 --> 00:30:36,220 planning and development of the Hubble 642 00:30:45,180 --> 00:30:42,310 Space Telescope Mother does anybody know 643 00:30:50,070 --> 00:30:45,190 her name no I don't then let us 644 00:30:57,990 --> 00:30:50,080 introduce you to Nancy Roman so cool 645 00:31:01,560 --> 00:30:58,000 honestly and we are going to move on to 646 00:31:03,930 --> 00:31:01,570 our Wonder Woman number five she lived 647 00:31:06,030 --> 00:31:03,940 underwater in an undersea habitat for 648 00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:06,040 nine days as a member of NASA's mission 649 00:31:12,390 --> 00:31:08,290 Explorer preparing astronauts for future 650 00:31:15,330 --> 00:31:12,400 exploration she is biess she's second on 651 00:31:22,760 --> 00:31:15,340 the list in kampala motive a spacewalk 652 00:31:28,200 --> 00:31:25,190 [Music] 653 00:31:30,330 --> 00:31:28,210 and another cool fun fact is that she 654 00:31:32,840 --> 00:31:30,340 was actually selected to fly aboard 655 00:31:42,330 --> 00:31:32,850 Boeing's at Commercial Crew spacecraft 656 00:31:45,830 --> 00:31:42,340 did she also run a marathon also 657 00:31:48,899 --> 00:31:45,840 completed a triathlon on ISS 658 00:31:48,899 --> 00:31:48,909 [Music] 659 00:32:01,659 --> 00:31:53,110 shoes do weight bearing exercises that 660 00:32:07,919 --> 00:32:01,669 mimic these strokes okay so our clear 661 00:32:12,370 --> 00:32:11,080 all right so seriously we got to move on 662 00:32:15,279 --> 00:32:12,380 because there's so much good information 663 00:32:16,779 --> 00:32:15,289 and we're gonna move into our Q&A so our 664 00:32:18,759 --> 00:32:16,789 viewers have some questions for you if 665 00:32:20,230 --> 00:32:18,769 you have a question now that you want to 666 00:32:22,389 --> 00:32:20,240 add throw it in the chat and we'll see 667 00:32:24,909 --> 00:32:22,399 how many we can get to before they have 668 00:32:27,190 --> 00:32:24,919 to go so the first thing that Daniele 669 00:32:30,220 --> 00:32:27,200 and I wanted to know right was can you 670 00:32:32,909 --> 00:32:30,230 name a particularly memorable moment 671 00:32:39,039 --> 00:32:32,919 from your career you have like a really 672 00:32:40,539 --> 00:32:39,049 favorite moment of shining example I've 673 00:32:44,980 --> 00:32:40,549 got a memorable one but it's probably 674 00:32:51,700 --> 00:32:44,990 not my favorite a couple of fire trucks 675 00:32:53,409 --> 00:32:51,710 and some hazmat school and we finally 676 00:32:54,909 --> 00:32:53,419 decided we should call my advisor and 677 00:32:58,419 --> 00:32:54,919 let her know that the fire trucks were 678 00:33:00,549 --> 00:32:58,429 coming down okay the end but we had to 679 00:33:02,590 --> 00:33:00,559 evacuate the lab for a little while and 680 00:33:05,590 --> 00:33:02,600 what did you do Laura I didn't do 681 00:33:08,919 --> 00:33:05,600 anything but the vacuum do were broke 682 00:33:10,330 --> 00:33:08,929 and releasing sulfur trioxide into the 683 00:33:11,950 --> 00:33:10,340 air which is a really bad thing because 684 00:33:14,379 --> 00:33:11,960 it mixes with the water in your lungs 685 00:33:17,440 --> 00:33:14,389 and make sulfuric acid in your nose oh 686 00:33:19,570 --> 00:33:17,450 so fortunately I had the good sense to 687 00:33:21,879 --> 00:33:19,580 run screaming from the building yeah 688 00:33:23,289 --> 00:33:21,889 after pulling the fire alarm and all of 689 00:33:25,269 --> 00:33:23,299 the I think the first-year graduate 690 00:33:26,320 --> 00:33:25,279 students had been having a lecture down 691 00:33:27,399 --> 00:33:26,330 the other end of the building because 692 00:33:29,049 --> 00:33:27,409 they were all just kind of standing 693 00:33:32,080 --> 00:33:29,059 around outside the door cuz somebody had 694 00:33:33,940 --> 00:33:32,090 pulled the fire alarm and I come 695 00:33:40,810 --> 00:33:33,950 screaming out of the building lab coat 696 00:33:45,500 --> 00:33:40,820 glasses started running 697 00:33:53,550 --> 00:33:51,150 adventures in science every time which I 698 00:33:57,000 --> 00:33:53,560 do want these things you know there is 699 00:33:58,730 --> 00:33:57,010 something memorable about it I can tell 700 00:34:05,610 --> 00:33:58,740 you the last one 701 00:34:07,860 --> 00:34:05,620 not as tragic as we were setting up 702 00:34:11,790 --> 00:34:07,870 tickets at a which is the last one I put 703 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:11,800 him you know we build and deliver and we 704 00:34:15,150 --> 00:34:13,210 were going to do thermo back so 705 00:34:18,750 --> 00:34:15,160 basically we put in the oven we take all 706 00:34:21,680 --> 00:34:18,760 the air and then we race it to certain 707 00:34:24,300 --> 00:34:21,690 temperature and the water temperature so 708 00:34:26,790 --> 00:34:24,310 you know we put it in there with all the 709 00:34:29,610 --> 00:34:26,800 sensors and then we had two people you 710 00:34:31,080 --> 00:34:29,620 know Monday ting the whole you know you 711 00:34:33,120 --> 00:34:31,090 because you have to wash the whole 712 00:34:36,000 --> 00:34:33,130 experiment for the new days right okay 713 00:34:38,010 --> 00:34:36,010 mm-hmm and so the guys are looking at 714 00:34:39,960 --> 00:34:38,020 the temperature you know is that 715 00:34:42,900 --> 00:34:39,970 changing you know if one app to certain 716 00:34:45,090 --> 00:34:42,910 tip you know like like 40 degrees 717 00:34:47,520 --> 00:34:45,100 Fahrenheit and then it was gonna come 718 00:34:50,340 --> 00:34:47,530 down and it's not changing after two 719 00:34:53,100 --> 00:34:50,350 hours and so they ended up calling 720 00:34:55,860 --> 00:34:53,110 somebody and turns out that the you know 721 00:34:58,170 --> 00:34:55,870 oven actually had malfunction so yeah 722 00:35:01,440 --> 00:34:58,180 always to the whole weekend and we 723 00:35:03,030 --> 00:35:01,450 needed to do before you know we for the 724 00:35:04,740 --> 00:35:03,040 even the satellite so we were trying to 725 00:35:07,230 --> 00:35:04,750 scramble in world can we take the 726 00:35:09,090 --> 00:35:07,240 satellite you know to do this testing 727 00:35:12,120 --> 00:35:09,100 whether it was going to be gay Johnson 728 00:35:14,820 --> 00:35:12,130 Space Center or no there's if I seemed 729 00:35:17,790 --> 00:35:14,830 to hear round so luckily the the people 730 00:35:21,210 --> 00:35:17,800 in the e L which is a facility here were 731 00:35:22,770 --> 00:35:21,220 able to fix the problem and ultimate 732 00:35:24,420 --> 00:35:22,780 experiment next you know a week later 733 00:35:25,950 --> 00:35:24,430 but you know it was kind of stressful 734 00:35:35,130 --> 00:35:25,960 because we needed to deliver the 735 00:35:36,990 --> 00:35:35,140 satellite in two weeks so every single 736 00:35:41,130 --> 00:35:37,000 one you know we build we have one yeah 737 00:35:44,010 --> 00:35:41,140 cool like I'm sure dealing with rodents 738 00:35:45,420 --> 00:35:44,020 can be very memorable I mean the 739 00:35:48,960 --> 00:35:45,430 spaceflight in general is always 740 00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:48,970 memorable I mean not every single launch 741 00:35:53,070 --> 00:35:50,410 is different there's always you know 742 00:35:56,000 --> 00:35:53,080 first you know working with crew is 743 00:35:58,460 --> 00:35:56,010 always you know in unique experience 744 00:36:01,730 --> 00:35:58,470 for me though the most rewarding part of 745 00:36:04,609 --> 00:36:01,740 my job is when I can inspire someone 746 00:36:06,500 --> 00:36:04,619 else so I used to teach for a brief 747 00:36:08,210 --> 00:36:06,510 amount of time and then you know here 748 00:36:09,980 --> 00:36:08,220 you know we always have interns we have 749 00:36:13,640 --> 00:36:09,990 students that come through the lab and 750 00:36:16,250 --> 00:36:13,650 we worked with them so for me like if I 751 00:36:18,319 --> 00:36:16,260 see that light bulb go on in you know 752 00:36:20,839 --> 00:36:18,329 like one out of hundred kids that's just 753 00:36:22,309 --> 00:36:20,849 the most rewarding part for me and you 754 00:36:25,250 --> 00:36:22,319 know we've had students coming through 755 00:36:27,079 --> 00:36:25,260 our lab who did not really know what 756 00:36:29,420 --> 00:36:27,089 they wanted to do but now you know 757 00:36:32,240 --> 00:36:29,430 they're in medical school or at school 758 00:36:33,559 --> 00:36:32,250 getting their PhDs and for me know it at 759 00:36:36,049 --> 00:36:33,569 the end of the day it just makes it all 760 00:36:37,670 --> 00:36:36,059 the work worth it isn't that's uh it's 761 00:36:40,549 --> 00:36:37,680 amazing you'd change the life right 762 00:36:42,920 --> 00:36:40,559 there right so cool well ladies we would 763 00:36:45,289 --> 00:36:42,930 love to spend the rest of our episode 764 00:36:48,289 --> 00:36:45,299 with you but unfortunately we can't 765 00:36:52,760 --> 00:36:48,299 because we have another group of wonder 766 00:37:01,510 --> 00:36:52,770 woman here at NASA so unfortunately we 767 00:37:09,559 --> 00:37:04,519 well we'll be calling them right in in a 768 00:37:11,089 --> 00:37:09,569 moment so just as a reminder for 769 00:37:13,069 --> 00:37:11,099 everybody watching at home this is NASA 770 00:37:15,620 --> 00:37:13,079 in Silicon Valley live and today we're 771 00:37:17,200 --> 00:37:15,630 celebrating national stem day by talking 772 00:37:19,640 --> 00:37:17,210 with some amazing wonder women of NASA 773 00:37:21,289 --> 00:37:19,650 so if you have a question for our guests 774 00:37:22,880 --> 00:37:21,299 write it in the chat and we'll try to 775 00:37:25,519 --> 00:37:22,890 get to more of them we just have so much 776 00:37:27,710 --> 00:37:25,529 amazing information to cover that we 777 00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:27,720 sometimes run out of time what but 778 00:37:31,430 --> 00:37:29,010 that's the fishing though it's a good 779 00:37:33,200 --> 00:37:31,440 problem to have absolutely do you want 780 00:37:37,670 --> 00:37:33,210 to introduce our second group yeah so 781 00:37:44,569 --> 00:37:37,680 come on out Diana Jessica and Kathy 782 00:38:01,140 --> 00:37:49,859 I miss the dress-code memo today looks 783 00:38:03,089 --> 00:38:01,150 great welcome it's like we did last time 784 00:38:05,130 --> 00:38:03,099 you just introduce yourselves and tell 785 00:38:07,349 --> 00:38:05,140 us couple sentences about what you do at 786 00:38:09,720 --> 00:38:07,359 NASA Kathryn Bywaters I'm an 787 00:38:14,010 --> 00:38:09,730 astrobiologist and I work on life 788 00:38:17,430 --> 00:38:14,020 detection instrumentation astrobiology 789 00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:17,440 later awesome I'm Jessica Marquez and I 790 00:38:20,910 --> 00:38:19,210 work in the human systems integration 791 00:38:23,120 --> 00:38:20,920 division and I build software for 792 00:38:26,579 --> 00:38:23,130 Mission Control 793 00:38:29,099 --> 00:38:26,589 I'm Diana gentry I am a bioengineer 794 00:38:32,250 --> 00:38:29,109 which means I get to wear many hats at 795 00:38:35,250 --> 00:38:32,260 the intersection of science and math and 796 00:38:36,990 --> 00:38:35,260 technology but I primarily look at ways 797 00:38:39,480 --> 00:38:37,000 of better measuring how microbes 798 00:38:42,030 --> 00:38:39,490 interact with their environments that's 799 00:38:45,900 --> 00:38:42,040 just it's very interesting that's a lot 800 00:38:49,950 --> 00:38:45,910 to unpack but before we do like when did 801 00:38:53,280 --> 00:38:49,960 you know that you wanted to be anything 802 00:38:57,210 --> 00:38:53,290 involved in space like yeah it was your 803 00:38:59,880 --> 00:38:57,220 aha moment well it happened in stages I 804 00:39:02,700 --> 00:38:59,890 think the very first thing that set me 805 00:39:05,849 --> 00:39:02,710 on that path I was about four years old 806 00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:05,859 and my dad was watching TV he said hello 807 00:39:11,099 --> 00:39:08,890 come here come here sit down this is 808 00:39:13,890 --> 00:39:11,109 very important and it was the original 809 00:39:16,770 --> 00:39:13,900 Star Trek watch the whole series with 810 00:39:19,079 --> 00:39:16,780 him and at that point I was I was bitten 811 00:39:20,490 --> 00:39:19,089 by the space bug and I thought clearly I 812 00:39:22,200 --> 00:39:20,500 need to be a scientist 813 00:39:23,220 --> 00:39:22,210 and as I got a little older and in 814 00:39:25,140 --> 00:39:23,230 middle school in high school I started 815 00:39:28,530 --> 00:39:25,150 to realize that I also really enjoyed 816 00:39:30,569 --> 00:39:28,540 math and I also kind of enjoyed building 817 00:39:31,980 --> 00:39:30,579 things with my hands and I thought but 818 00:39:36,150 --> 00:39:31,990 science is really the most important 819 00:39:39,359 --> 00:39:36,160 thing and eventually I got to college 820 00:39:41,309 --> 00:39:39,369 and I was listening to a presentation 821 00:39:42,780 --> 00:39:41,319 about the various majors that they 822 00:39:46,079 --> 00:39:42,790 offered and so on and so forth and I was 823 00:39:47,250 --> 00:39:46,089 talking with a classmate afterwards he 824 00:39:49,380 --> 00:39:47,260 said what are you interested in and I 825 00:39:51,480 --> 00:39:49,390 said well I think I'm probably going to 826 00:39:52,559 --> 00:39:51,490 do biology although I kind of wish I 827 00:39:54,329 --> 00:39:52,569 could also do 828 00:39:55,650 --> 00:39:54,339 than maybe some engineering and he said 829 00:39:57,509 --> 00:39:55,660 well you know there's this 830 00:39:59,130 --> 00:39:57,519 bioengineering program it's a little 831 00:40:01,769 --> 00:39:59,140 weird and I don't know much about it I 832 00:40:04,759 --> 00:40:01,779 was this I can have my cake and eat it 833 00:40:10,339 --> 00:40:08,309 so from then on I kind of I knew that 834 00:40:13,169 --> 00:40:10,349 was the direction I was going in 835 00:40:15,809 --> 00:40:13,179 speaking of bioengineering I think we 836 00:40:27,449 --> 00:40:15,819 have a really cool and very interesting 837 00:40:29,189 --> 00:40:27,459 photo of you so at my university there's 838 00:40:33,089 --> 00:40:29,199 a tradition that when you go to graduate 839 00:40:34,829 --> 00:40:33,099 you go in costume and as I said when I 840 00:40:36,329 --> 00:40:34,839 was studying math I felt like I wasn't 841 00:40:38,009 --> 00:40:36,339 getting quite enough building things 842 00:40:39,799 --> 00:40:38,019 with my hands going on and I might have 843 00:40:43,140 --> 00:40:39,809 gone a little bit overboard with this 844 00:40:45,659 --> 00:40:43,150 event and so I decided I was going to 845 00:40:48,059 --> 00:40:45,669 build a working shower stall that strap 846 00:40:50,279 --> 00:40:48,069 on my back and a water tank so I could 847 00:40:51,779 --> 00:40:50,289 spray water at people and so I've got 848 00:40:53,819 --> 00:40:51,789 the curtain on and you can see the 849 00:40:55,499 --> 00:40:53,829 faucet coming over there and the shower 850 00:40:59,969 --> 00:40:55,509 cap on my mortar board it was a great 851 00:41:06,569 --> 00:40:59,979 day it it didn't hurt that it was about 852 00:41:08,159 --> 00:41:06,579 95 degrees can you tell us really 853 00:41:10,469 --> 00:41:08,169 quickly before we move on you told me a 854 00:41:13,890 --> 00:41:10,479 story about how you chose between math 855 00:41:15,989 --> 00:41:13,900 and engineering oh yes this was probably 856 00:41:21,689 --> 00:41:15,999 one of the best pieces of mentorship 857 00:41:23,459 --> 00:41:21,699 advice I ever got I was taking a kind of 858 00:41:24,719 --> 00:41:23,469 introductory engineering class at the 859 00:41:27,359 --> 00:41:24,729 time I thought I was probably going to 860 00:41:28,979 --> 00:41:27,369 be an applied math major but the 861 00:41:30,059 --> 00:41:28,989 previous quarter I had seen all of these 862 00:41:32,069 --> 00:41:30,069 people who were getting to do things 863 00:41:33,689 --> 00:41:32,079 like build little robots out of balsa 864 00:41:35,489 --> 00:41:33,699 wood and rubber bands that played 865 00:41:38,039 --> 00:41:35,499 frisbee and things like that I want to 866 00:41:39,839 --> 00:41:38,049 do that so I was taking this class and 867 00:41:40,890 --> 00:41:39,849 the woman teaching it called me over 868 00:41:42,120 --> 00:41:40,900 about halfway through and said you're 869 00:41:43,319 --> 00:41:42,130 doing very well in this class I just 870 00:41:45,390 --> 00:41:43,329 wanted to know are you planning to major 871 00:41:46,979 --> 00:41:45,400 in engineering and I said well no I 872 00:41:50,039 --> 00:41:46,989 think I'm gonna be doing math and she 873 00:41:52,259 --> 00:41:50,049 said look there are two kinds of people 874 00:41:54,779 --> 00:41:52,269 in this world there are answer finders 875 00:41:56,640 --> 00:41:54,789 and there are problem solvers the answer 876 00:41:59,009 --> 00:41:56,650 finder says is this right and the 877 00:42:01,439 --> 00:41:59,019 problem solver says does this work and 878 00:42:03,209 --> 00:42:01,449 you are clearly a problem solver you are 879 00:42:04,049 --> 00:42:03,219 going to be bored stiff and applied 880 00:42:05,729 --> 00:42:04,059 mathematics 881 00:42:07,140 --> 00:42:05,739 Engineering where you actually get to 882 00:42:08,729 --> 00:42:07,150 build stuff and see the lights come on 883 00:42:09,299 --> 00:42:08,739 and the motors turn and so on and so 884 00:42:11,670 --> 00:42:09,309 forth 885 00:42:13,049 --> 00:42:11,680 and if you really want the you know the 886 00:42:14,670 --> 00:42:13,059 more mathematical rigor you can do that 887 00:42:16,049 --> 00:42:14,680 in grad school that was one of the best 888 00:42:17,969 --> 00:42:16,059 pieces of advice I ever got it was 889 00:42:19,799 --> 00:42:17,979 absolutely true right that simple 890 00:42:20,549 --> 00:42:19,809 comment made you realize I'm that kind 891 00:42:23,999 --> 00:42:20,559 of person 892 00:42:27,120 --> 00:42:24,009 yeah do engineering awesome cool what 893 00:42:30,390 --> 00:42:27,130 about you Jessica so I have always been 894 00:42:32,819 --> 00:42:30,400 interested in science and learning and 895 00:42:35,849 --> 00:42:32,829 math and ever since I was a little kid 896 00:42:38,039 --> 00:42:35,859 and I remember my dad taking me to see 897 00:42:39,689 --> 00:42:38,049 the Halley's Comet when he was passing 898 00:42:43,099 --> 00:42:39,699 and so I would always had this interest 899 00:42:44,789 --> 00:42:43,109 in science but it wasn't until I got to 900 00:42:46,739 --> 00:42:44,799 undergraduate and I was studying 901 00:42:49,859 --> 00:42:46,749 engineering at that point that I really 902 00:42:51,509 --> 00:42:49,869 understood how I can contribute to NASA 903 00:42:52,289 --> 00:42:51,519 and how I can contribute to the space 904 00:42:54,120 --> 00:42:52,299 program 905 00:42:58,589 --> 00:42:54,130 so it was actually through an internship 906 00:43:01,799 --> 00:42:58,599 here at NASA Ames and I learned about 907 00:43:04,019 --> 00:43:01,809 how NASA works what kind of careers are 908 00:43:06,689 --> 00:43:04,029 involved in engineering or the different 909 00:43:09,150 --> 00:43:06,699 aspects that I could work on in order to 910 00:43:11,130 --> 00:43:09,160 contribute to human spaceflight and then 911 00:43:12,179 --> 00:43:11,140 that led me to apply to grad school and 912 00:43:14,609 --> 00:43:12,189 that's where I really started focusing 913 00:43:16,529 --> 00:43:14,619 on the intersection of humans and 914 00:43:19,259 --> 00:43:16,539 engineering so understanding how we can 915 00:43:22,979 --> 00:43:19,269 develop and create tools that support 916 00:43:25,829 --> 00:43:22,989 people in a very complex aerospace 917 00:43:28,739 --> 00:43:25,839 system so my focus is always how do I 918 00:43:31,439 --> 00:43:28,749 make this tool better for people and 919 00:43:34,079 --> 00:43:31,449 that's how I that's what I do now here 920 00:43:37,289 --> 00:43:34,089 in NASA Ames well let's bring up 921 00:43:39,749 --> 00:43:37,299 Jessica's origin photo because this is 922 00:43:42,569 --> 00:43:39,759 also a cool one yeah so this is a 923 00:43:46,319 --> 00:43:42,579 picture of me back in 1998 I did my 924 00:43:48,689 --> 00:43:46,329 internship and this cohort of class we 925 00:43:50,880 --> 00:43:48,699 had a research project we got to visit 926 00:43:52,620 --> 00:43:50,890 different NASA centers this is a picture 927 00:43:53,969 --> 00:43:52,630 of us visiting the space shuttle 928 00:43:56,999 --> 00:43:53,979 Atlantis when it was being refurbished 929 00:44:00,120 --> 00:43:57,009 and it just got me really excited about 930 00:44:02,309 --> 00:44:00,130 working with people in human spaceflight 931 00:44:04,589 --> 00:44:02,319 and there are several people in there 932 00:44:07,140 --> 00:44:04,599 that also has already now still work at 933 00:44:09,179 --> 00:44:07,150 NASA so it was a pretty great set of 934 00:44:11,069 --> 00:44:09,189 teams and like not only at NASA but 935 00:44:13,799 --> 00:44:11,079 didn't you mention that a lot of them 936 00:44:16,620 --> 00:44:13,809 are here at Ames as well yeah 937 00:44:19,890 --> 00:44:16,630 just like our whole little cohort was 938 00:44:22,199 --> 00:44:19,900 really tight-knit and we all got the 939 00:44:24,979 --> 00:44:22,209 space bug and yeah some of us work here 940 00:44:27,929 --> 00:44:24,989 some of us work at Johnson Space Center 941 00:44:30,689 --> 00:44:27,939 yeah and then our mentor for that 942 00:44:33,229 --> 00:44:30,699 program also helped me get my job so it 943 00:44:35,640 --> 00:44:33,239 was quite a life changing into 944 00:44:42,349 --> 00:44:35,650 internships are a great way to get 945 00:44:44,640 --> 00:44:42,359 started I had to uh ha moments I think 946 00:44:47,789 --> 00:44:44,650 first one was that when I knew I wanted 947 00:44:49,259 --> 00:44:47,799 to be a biologist so my background my 948 00:44:50,400 --> 00:44:49,269 educational backgrounds a little 949 00:44:52,439 --> 00:44:50,410 unconventional 950 00:44:54,449 --> 00:44:52,449 I completed sixth grade and then my 951 00:44:55,739 --> 00:44:54,459 father moved my sister and I overseas so 952 00:44:58,559 --> 00:44:55,749 that was pretty much the end of my 953 00:44:59,819 --> 00:44:58,569 education and until I moved back to the 954 00:45:02,609 --> 00:44:59,829 States and I started at a community 955 00:45:05,009 --> 00:45:02,619 college and I took a biology class 956 00:45:07,079 --> 00:45:05,019 because I had no idea what it was really 957 00:45:09,239 --> 00:45:07,089 about and I remember just sitting and 958 00:45:11,039 --> 00:45:09,249 learning about the inner workings of a 959 00:45:14,729 --> 00:45:11,049 cell and it's like a whole nother world 960 00:45:16,859 --> 00:45:14,739 a whole universe inside of us that I had 961 00:45:20,099 --> 00:45:16,869 no idea even existed so that's when I 962 00:45:23,249 --> 00:45:20,109 was fascinated with biology and I was 963 00:45:24,709 --> 00:45:23,259 told how to do biology and then for when 964 00:45:28,410 --> 00:45:24,719 I decided I really wanted to be an 965 00:45:30,630 --> 00:45:28,420 astrobiologist was I went to Utah with a 966 00:45:34,410 --> 00:45:30,640 group of people to a Mars analog and 967 00:45:36,630 --> 00:45:34,420 what an analog is is it's an environment 968 00:45:36,989 --> 00:45:36,640 that replicates some aspect of something 969 00:45:40,019 --> 00:45:36,999 else 970 00:45:42,089 --> 00:45:40,029 so here it's you know it looks a lot 971 00:45:44,849 --> 00:45:42,099 like Mars so that's nice for for the 972 00:45:46,499 --> 00:45:44,859 psyche but it also is very dry and it 973 00:45:48,900 --> 00:45:46,509 has some of the same sorts of habitats 974 00:45:51,390 --> 00:45:48,910 that you might find on Mars so going 975 00:45:53,969 --> 00:45:51,400 there and investigating that and really 976 00:45:56,130 --> 00:45:53,979 learning about extremophiles so microbes 977 00:45:58,049 --> 00:45:56,140 that live under these extreme conditions 978 00:46:01,990 --> 00:45:58,059 it's like BIOS someone's gonna pay me to 979 00:46:02,000 --> 00:46:09,450 so that's that with my aha moment photos 980 00:46:14,150 --> 00:46:11,440 [Music] 981 00:46:16,700 --> 00:46:14,160 like and this is a group of us just 982 00:46:17,900 --> 00:46:16,710 hanging out and the experts in the field 983 00:46:20,240 --> 00:46:17,910 we're explaining the different 984 00:46:22,220 --> 00:46:20,250 environments and you know the different 985 00:46:25,069 --> 00:46:22,230 habitats in way the microbes were making 986 00:46:29,210 --> 00:46:25,079 a living and I was just fascinated yeah 987 00:46:30,770 --> 00:46:29,220 this is it so then I know a little bit 988 00:46:32,930 --> 00:46:30,780 about what you went on to do because I'm 989 00:46:36,740 --> 00:46:32,940 lucky enough to have experienced some of 990 00:46:40,760 --> 00:46:36,750 Kathy's day in the life when I went to 991 00:46:43,130 --> 00:46:40,770 cover this NASA research project doing 992 00:46:44,420 --> 00:46:43,140 their field campaign fieldwork so why 993 00:46:50,000 --> 00:46:44,430 don't you tell everybody a little bit 994 00:46:52,460 --> 00:46:50,010 about what is life so I do lab work as 995 00:46:54,880 --> 00:46:52,470 well as fieldwork and my lab work 996 00:46:57,109 --> 00:46:54,890 consists of testing different 997 00:46:59,690 --> 00:46:57,119 instrumentation that would go for 998 00:47:03,380 --> 00:46:59,700 looking for life on different planetary 999 00:47:05,150 --> 00:47:03,390 bodies so Mars Europa Enceladus and it's 1000 00:47:07,970 --> 00:47:05,160 really thinking about the questions of 1001 00:47:09,500 --> 00:47:07,980 you know how would we look for life what 1002 00:47:11,720 --> 00:47:09,510 would we look for and what if it doesn't 1003 00:47:14,089 --> 00:47:11,730 look like us but you know what 1004 00:47:17,359 --> 00:47:14,099 what sort of signatures can we pick up 1005 00:47:19,490 --> 00:47:17,369 on so it's testing instrumentation and 1006 00:47:24,440 --> 00:47:19,500 then when not test and I think we 1007 00:47:30,109 --> 00:47:24,450 actually have yes yeah that you brought 1008 00:47:32,780 --> 00:47:30,119 this interesting little object needs to 1009 00:47:39,710 --> 00:47:32,790 be lightweight and small so actually if 1010 00:47:42,230 --> 00:47:39,720 you flip it around yeah and we can so if 1011 00:47:44,660 --> 00:47:42,240 you see there are two little wells there 1012 00:47:47,780 --> 00:47:44,670 the sample goes in one side and comes 1013 00:47:49,670 --> 00:47:47,790 out the other if you apply a current 1014 00:47:52,099 --> 00:47:49,680 through it the sample will move through 1015 00:47:55,300 --> 00:47:52,109 a tiny little fluidic channel and then 1016 00:47:57,800 --> 00:47:55,310 through a tiny little nanopore as the 1017 00:48:00,559 --> 00:47:57,810 biomolecules of interest go through the 1018 00:48:01,940 --> 00:48:00,569 tiny tiny tiny pore it just reps the 1019 00:48:05,050 --> 00:48:01,950 current and then we can learn about what 1020 00:48:09,170 --> 00:48:05,060 it is so we can investigate DNA RNA 1021 00:48:11,809 --> 00:48:09,180 proteins viruses all the sudden in this 1022 00:48:13,339 --> 00:48:11,819 small so you're literally doing science 1023 00:48:14,060 --> 00:48:13,349 that's small enough to fit in your 1024 00:48:18,390 --> 00:48:14,070 pocket yes 1025 00:48:21,030 --> 00:48:18,400 [Laughter] 1026 00:48:23,250 --> 00:48:21,040 and then I get to go and test things 1027 00:48:28,140 --> 00:48:23,260 like this out in the field and that's 1028 00:48:30,750 --> 00:48:28,150 where I got to hang out with you in the 1029 00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:30,760 Atacama Desert as it happens which is so 1030 00:48:36,180 --> 00:48:33,490 dry it's a lot like Mars so where is the 1031 00:48:39,329 --> 00:48:36,190 Atacama Desert so that is in Chile okay 1032 00:48:42,150 --> 00:48:39,339 I and it is one of the driest locations 1033 00:48:44,940 --> 00:48:42,160 on earth and its rival would be the 1034 00:48:47,819 --> 00:48:44,950 Antarctic Dry Valleys okay and we go 1035 00:48:50,150 --> 00:48:47,829 there because because it's so dry it was 1036 00:48:53,550 --> 00:48:50,160 a good analog for Mars again and 1037 00:48:55,140 --> 00:48:53,560 planetary bodies that are you know might 1038 00:48:57,960 --> 00:48:55,150 be considered dead but might have 1039 00:49:00,480 --> 00:48:57,970 remnants of life or life making a living 1040 00:49:02,760 --> 00:49:00,490 in very special environments so we go 1041 00:49:04,710 --> 00:49:02,770 there and you know when you look out 1042 00:49:06,390 --> 00:49:04,720 it's very barren there's no life you 1043 00:49:08,819 --> 00:49:06,400 don't see little bushes or plants 1044 00:49:10,050 --> 00:49:08,829 anywhere and so we have to be really 1045 00:49:17,790 --> 00:49:10,060 careful not to contaminate the 1046 00:49:20,670 --> 00:49:17,800 environment we can all suited up right 1047 00:49:22,980 --> 00:49:20,680 there I am we've dug this hole and then 1048 00:49:25,740 --> 00:49:22,990 you have to wear the cleanroom suit hole 1049 00:49:27,750 --> 00:49:25,750 gown and booties and hat and be very 1050 00:49:30,300 --> 00:49:27,760 careful to take your sample because any 1051 00:49:32,460 --> 00:49:30,310 of you know your own microbes or your 1052 00:49:34,950 --> 00:49:32,470 own DNA that gets contaminated in there 1053 00:49:48,210 --> 00:49:34,960 will overwhelm the background so you 1054 00:49:54,650 --> 00:49:48,220 have to be very careful what I do I mean 1055 00:49:59,130 --> 00:49:54,660 you get paid to clean the dirt thank you 1056 00:50:02,849 --> 00:49:59,140 how'd you just good um so my main goal 1057 00:50:05,069 --> 00:50:02,859 and add here is to develop software so 1058 00:50:07,079 --> 00:50:05,079 the bay focus that we do is billing 1059 00:50:09,569 --> 00:50:07,089 planning and scheduling tools and so I 1060 00:50:11,700 --> 00:50:09,579 get to actually learn about everybody 1061 00:50:14,550 --> 00:50:11,710 else's job in order to create these 1062 00:50:17,760 --> 00:50:14,560 software tools so and then I get to test 1063 00:50:21,079 --> 00:50:17,770 feel them in different places so I get 1064 00:50:23,490 --> 00:50:21,089 to learn about how trainers might be 1065 00:50:25,620 --> 00:50:23,500 teaching astronauts how to do their job 1066 00:50:27,430 --> 00:50:25,630 I get to go to Mission Control and learn 1067 00:50:29,500 --> 00:50:27,440 how they control robots 1068 00:50:32,320 --> 00:50:29,510 how they manage the International Space 1069 00:50:34,180 --> 00:50:32,330 Station how they schedule astronauts 1070 00:50:36,310 --> 00:50:34,190 time and all we take all that 1071 00:50:38,890 --> 00:50:36,320 information in order to build and design 1072 00:50:40,270 --> 00:50:38,900 our tools and then we get to test them 1073 00:50:41,470 --> 00:50:40,280 in different environments so we've 1074 00:50:44,050 --> 00:50:41,480 gotten to test them everywhere from 1075 00:50:46,540 --> 00:50:44,060 underwater in the extreme environments 1076 00:50:49,780 --> 00:50:46,550 of analogs we also work in analogs 1077 00:50:52,930 --> 00:50:49,790 but these analogs don't necessarily have 1078 00:50:55,150 --> 00:50:52,940 to simulate a planetary environment it 1079 00:50:57,610 --> 00:50:55,160 is simulating some aspect of mission 1080 00:50:59,890 --> 00:50:57,620 control so they have a slightly 1081 00:51:01,750 --> 00:50:59,900 different or they're trying to push some 1082 00:51:05,830 --> 00:51:01,760 aspect of human spaceflight maybe 1083 00:51:08,320 --> 00:51:05,840 isolation so we give them our tools and 1084 00:51:12,010 --> 00:51:08,330 we get feedback and so I've gotten to go 1085 00:51:15,340 --> 00:51:12,020 to places like volcanoes and the mission 1086 00:51:17,500 --> 00:51:15,350 under the waterless in underwater the 1087 00:51:19,870 --> 00:51:17,510 Arctic mission control at Johnson Space 1088 00:51:21,700 --> 00:51:19,880 Center so our tool has been up in space 1089 00:51:23,860 --> 00:51:21,710 stations that I was also very exciting 1090 00:51:27,490 --> 00:51:23,870 it's pretty cool so Mission Control is 1091 00:51:30,010 --> 00:51:27,500 it's like the brain of space missions 1092 00:51:31,600 --> 00:51:30,020 right where they're controlling what how 1093 00:51:32,980 --> 00:51:31,610 would you describe it yeah so Mission 1094 00:51:35,440 --> 00:51:32,990 Control so we have astronauts up in 1095 00:51:37,930 --> 00:51:35,450 space station and they are super busy 1096 00:51:41,110 --> 00:51:37,940 and the whole entire space station is 1097 00:51:43,090 --> 00:51:41,120 managed by a huge team of flight 1098 00:51:46,330 --> 00:51:43,100 controllers back on ground and so 1099 00:51:47,830 --> 00:51:46,340 they're located physically in Johnson 1100 00:51:50,860 --> 00:51:47,840 Space Center but there's also different 1101 00:51:53,290 --> 00:51:50,870 smaller mission controls i'm in europe 1102 00:51:56,230 --> 00:51:53,300 and japan and we have another one in 1103 00:51:59,170 --> 00:51:56,240 alabama we also actually have one here 1104 00:52:00,730 --> 00:51:59,180 nasa ames and they all coordinated to 1105 00:52:02,470 --> 00:52:00,740 make sure that the space station is 1106 00:52:04,660 --> 00:52:02,480 healthy that all the science payloads 1107 00:52:08,620 --> 00:52:04,670 are working and that we're keeping the 1108 00:52:09,730 --> 00:52:08,630 science sorry the astronauts working if 1109 00:52:13,120 --> 00:52:09,740 they have any questions 1110 00:52:15,040 --> 00:52:13,130 we keep them healthy did you bring a 1111 00:52:16,540 --> 00:52:15,050 photo I think she I think she did and 1112 00:52:20,710 --> 00:52:16,550 this one has a really cool background 1113 00:52:24,130 --> 00:52:20,720 story yes so this is a picture of me in 1114 00:52:26,290 --> 00:52:24,140 at NASA Johnson Space Center in Mission 1115 00:52:28,600 --> 00:52:26,300 Control so this is when we did our first 1116 00:52:31,870 --> 00:52:28,610 deployment of our tool up in Space 1117 00:52:33,970 --> 00:52:31,880 Station so I got to sit down in Mission 1118 00:52:37,300 --> 00:52:33,980 Control and I have to talk on the loops 1119 00:52:39,990 --> 00:52:37,310 which is just the the way they talk the 1120 00:52:42,840 --> 00:52:40,000 the communication loops that they have 1121 00:52:45,220 --> 00:52:42,850 and yeah it was very excited we got to 1122 00:52:47,740 --> 00:52:45,230 talk to the astronauts and work with 1123 00:52:51,340 --> 00:52:47,750 them that whole week that we were there 1124 00:52:53,320 --> 00:52:51,350 so your voice is forever like down in 1125 00:52:56,020 --> 00:52:53,330 the NASA records yeah so I was actually 1126 00:52:58,660 --> 00:52:56,030 very hesitant to talk during uh during 1127 00:53:00,280 --> 00:52:58,670 the mission and one of my colleagues 1128 00:53:02,230 --> 00:53:00,290 that was sitting in the front room so 1129 00:53:03,130 --> 00:53:02,240 there's actually multiple not only are 1130 00:53:05,080 --> 00:53:03,140 there thousands of people there in 1131 00:53:06,730 --> 00:53:05,090 multiple rooms started sitting in one of 1132 00:53:08,470 --> 00:53:06,740 the back rooms and someone in the front 1133 00:53:10,330 --> 00:53:08,480 room calls over as like can you please 1134 00:53:13,090 --> 00:53:10,340 give me a status on playbook that's our 1135 00:53:22,050 --> 00:53:13,100 tool and so forced me to actually talk 1136 00:53:28,900 --> 00:53:26,500 because it is they are listening to so 1137 00:53:31,840 --> 00:53:28,910 many conversations that I didn't want to 1138 00:53:34,720 --> 00:53:31,850 like add to that problem or add to that 1139 00:53:36,670 --> 00:53:34,730 workload so I was actually very much 1140 00:53:44,620 --> 00:53:36,680 like I'm gonna just be here unless I 1141 00:53:46,390 --> 00:53:44,630 have to talk I'm only gonna talk all 1142 00:53:49,470 --> 00:53:46,400 right let's keep going so what about you 1143 00:53:55,870 --> 00:53:49,480 Diana like what is the day in the life 1144 00:53:59,320 --> 00:53:55,880 it's very seasonal so in the winter time 1145 00:54:04,000 --> 00:53:59,330 most of what I'm doing is benchtop work 1146 00:54:07,530 --> 00:54:04,010 so we build these devices that you can 1147 00:54:10,440 --> 00:54:07,540 grow microbes in and we can control the 1148 00:54:13,090 --> 00:54:10,450 environments on a very small scale and 1149 00:54:15,250 --> 00:54:13,100 with a bunch of sensors attached and so 1150 00:54:16,960 --> 00:54:15,260 we can expose them to different types of 1151 00:54:21,900 --> 00:54:16,970 environmental stresses and we can see 1152 00:54:26,380 --> 00:54:21,910 how they respond to that in the summer 1153 00:54:28,180 --> 00:54:26,390 we are frequently out in Mars analog 1154 00:54:30,550 --> 00:54:28,190 environments like the type that Kathy 1155 00:54:33,040 --> 00:54:30,560 was talking about in particular we tend 1156 00:54:35,710 --> 00:54:33,050 to visit recent eruption sites in 1157 00:54:38,200 --> 00:54:35,720 Iceland one of the things that I work on 1158 00:54:41,500 --> 00:54:38,210 is instrumentation for life detection 1159 00:54:43,510 --> 00:54:41,510 and one of the things that's very 1160 00:54:45,490 --> 00:54:43,520 important with life detection is that 1161 00:54:47,470 --> 00:54:45,500 you have to know what your null case is 1162 00:54:49,090 --> 00:54:47,480 what your baseline is and that's 1163 00:54:50,860 --> 00:54:49,100 actually extremely difficult to do on 1164 00:54:55,090 --> 00:54:50,870 earth because life is everywhere 1165 00:54:57,310 --> 00:54:55,100 and very hard to kill so we go to recent 1166 00:54:58,990 --> 00:54:57,320 eruption sites that have basically cools 1167 00:54:59,980 --> 00:54:59,000 down just enough that you can walk on 1168 00:55:01,900 --> 00:54:59,990 them and go out there with your 1169 00:55:03,400 --> 00:55:01,910 instrument and we try and figure out 1170 00:55:05,800 --> 00:55:03,410 what it will actually read when there 1171 00:55:08,530 --> 00:55:05,810 shouldn't be any life there okay like to 1172 00:55:11,710 --> 00:55:08,540 set your instrument at zero right yes 1173 00:55:14,170 --> 00:55:11,720 and then in the spring and the fall 1174 00:55:16,150 --> 00:55:14,180 which is fog season around here in the 1175 00:55:19,540 --> 00:55:16,160 Bay Area I work on a project that 1176 00:55:21,940 --> 00:55:19,550 develops payloads for drones for UAVs 1177 00:55:23,980 --> 00:55:21,950 and that captures fog and cloud water 1178 00:55:26,680 --> 00:55:23,990 for biochemical analysis so that we can 1179 00:55:28,600 --> 00:55:26,690 see what's up there in the fog and if 1180 00:55:32,920 --> 00:55:28,610 it's alive and if it's doing anything so 1181 00:55:34,990 --> 00:55:32,930 why fog like I know it's very prevalent 1182 00:55:37,980 --> 00:55:35,000 around here but that it is like why 1183 00:55:42,220 --> 00:55:37,990 exactly like what's so special about fog 1184 00:55:46,360 --> 00:55:42,230 so the so the core question that we're 1185 00:55:48,490 --> 00:55:46,370 trying to get at is is life possible on 1186 00:55:51,400 --> 00:55:48,500 an extended basis in the absence of 1187 00:55:53,050 --> 00:55:51,410 stable surface water and on earth this 1188 00:55:55,120 --> 00:55:53,060 isn't an issue because all of the fog 1189 00:55:57,700 --> 00:55:55,130 that we have cycles fairly rapidly 1190 00:55:59,590 --> 00:55:57,710 through having been puddles or lakes or 1191 00:56:00,910 --> 00:55:59,600 rivers or the ocean and then it comes up 1192 00:56:02,740 --> 00:56:00,920 into the atmosphere and then it comes 1193 00:56:05,200 --> 00:56:02,750 back down again but if you look at a 1194 00:56:06,940 --> 00:56:05,210 planet like say Venus where the surface 1195 00:56:08,770 --> 00:56:06,950 is way too hot for there to be any 1196 00:56:10,870 --> 00:56:08,780 staple liquid there but you have 1197 00:56:13,690 --> 00:56:10,880 kilometers and kilometers of much cooler 1198 00:56:14,890 --> 00:56:13,700 dense clouds above the surface is that 1199 00:56:18,310 --> 00:56:14,900 an area that we should consider a 1200 00:56:19,870 --> 00:56:18,320 possible habitat hmm it just seems 1201 00:56:23,740 --> 00:56:19,880 pretty amazing that's actually really 1202 00:56:29,350 --> 00:56:23,750 cool we have a photo of you know trips 1203 00:56:31,960 --> 00:56:29,360 right so this trip actually melted a 1204 00:56:34,600 --> 00:56:31,970 little bit of the - so I'm standing in 1205 00:56:37,000 --> 00:56:34,610 front of a hydrothermal vent so there's 1206 00:56:39,310 --> 00:56:37,010 basically a hot spot under the ground 1207 00:56:41,980 --> 00:56:39,320 that is hot enough that it's forcing 1208 00:56:44,380 --> 00:56:41,990 boiling hot water up to the surface and 1209 00:56:46,150 --> 00:56:44,390 so we've got a combination of boiling 1210 00:56:47,890 --> 00:56:46,160 hot water coming up off of the ground 1211 00:56:49,960 --> 00:56:47,900 and then it's mixing with a very cool 1212 00:56:52,180 --> 00:56:49,970 air and causing a ton of steam to 1213 00:56:54,970 --> 00:56:52,190 condense okay so that interface is very 1214 00:56:57,010 --> 00:56:54,980 interesting in terms of what's alive 1215 00:56:59,710 --> 00:56:57,020 what survives how far does it get 1216 00:57:01,240 --> 00:56:59,720 carried and what kinds of chemistry is 1217 00:57:03,930 --> 00:57:01,250 in there that could possibly be the 1218 00:57:06,730 --> 00:57:03,940 foundation for stuff team 1219 00:57:08,770 --> 00:57:06,740 really cool cool stuff you guys alright 1220 00:57:12,339 --> 00:57:08,780 so folks we have to make a decision I 1221 00:57:13,930 --> 00:57:12,349 think we're gonna run out of time so do 1222 00:57:17,470 --> 00:57:13,940 you want to talk about the weirdest 1223 00:57:20,559 --> 00:57:17,480 moment in your science or the most 1224 00:57:22,690 --> 00:57:20,569 memorable favorite moment and answer 1225 00:57:31,660 --> 00:57:22,700 some questions Danielle do you have a 1226 00:57:33,780 --> 00:57:31,670 preference weird science because you 1227 00:57:36,190 --> 00:57:33,790 guys get to do some really cool things 1228 00:57:38,800 --> 00:57:36,200 experience some really cool things that 1229 00:57:40,920 --> 00:57:38,810 also happen to be documented while 1230 00:57:43,120 --> 00:57:40,930 you're doing these really cool things 1231 00:57:44,589 --> 00:57:43,130 that's true why don't we roll into weird 1232 00:57:56,079 --> 00:57:44,599 science if you want to tell us something 1233 00:57:58,510 --> 00:57:56,089 else you knew that this is the part of 1234 00:58:00,400 --> 00:57:58,520 the show where we want to hear from our 1235 00:58:03,710 --> 00:58:00,410 guests about the craziest things that 1236 00:58:11,020 --> 00:58:03,720 they've done in the name of science 1237 00:58:15,710 --> 00:58:11,030 [Music] 1238 00:58:18,080 --> 00:58:15,720 okay so Cathy you're up first 1239 00:58:20,380 --> 00:58:18,090 let's go ahead and bring up her photo of 1240 00:58:27,080 --> 00:58:20,390 weird science 1241 00:58:30,550 --> 00:58:27,090 weirdest things I've done for science 1242 00:58:32,990 --> 00:58:30,560 would be to spend four months on a 1243 00:58:39,860 --> 00:58:33,000 deserted island in the Canadian High 1244 00:58:42,110 --> 00:58:39,870 Arctic it turned out great we had a 1245 00:58:46,940 --> 00:58:42,120 great crew you know we we still talk to 1246 00:58:50,090 --> 00:58:46,950 each other but it was looking at the 1247 00:58:51,950 --> 00:58:50,100 transition between the winter to spring 1248 00:58:53,990 --> 00:58:51,960 thaw in the active layer above the 1249 00:58:56,630 --> 00:58:54,000 permafrost and we were doing it in 1250 00:58:59,480 --> 00:58:56,640 simulation so we had the isolation of 1251 00:59:01,460 --> 00:58:59,490 fact we were on Mars time so you've got 1252 00:59:03,410 --> 00:59:01,470 a few extra minutes in the day and being 1253 00:59:04,910 --> 00:59:03,420 in the Arctic it's light all all the 1254 00:59:06,650 --> 00:59:04,920 time so we could create our own 1255 00:59:09,920 --> 00:59:06,660 light-dark cycles so we took advantage 1256 00:59:13,160 --> 00:59:09,930 of that and I got to go out and take 1257 00:59:15,590 --> 00:59:13,170 some great samples and that was I was a 1258 00:59:21,860 --> 00:59:15,600 two of us out in the field returning 1259 00:59:33,950 --> 00:59:21,870 home been like probably one of the 1260 00:59:36,380 --> 00:59:33,960 coolest things that you've done what 1261 00:59:39,500 --> 00:59:36,390 about you Jessica like you said that you 1262 00:59:40,820 --> 00:59:39,510 get the opportunity to be a day in the 1263 00:59:43,220 --> 00:59:40,830 life of these other people when you're 1264 00:59:45,110 --> 00:59:43,230 trying to help them build platforms like 1265 00:59:49,010 --> 00:59:45,120 what's your weird sites so my weird 1266 00:59:50,660 --> 00:59:49,020 science is not that it was the 1267 00:59:52,550 --> 00:59:50,670 opportunity so one of the things that 1268 00:59:54,380 --> 00:59:52,560 you learn in grad school is that you 1269 00:59:54,830 --> 00:59:54,390 especially if you're doing research with 1270 00:59:57,280 --> 00:59:54,840 humans 1271 01:00:00,050 --> 00:59:57,290 you always volunteer for your classmates 1272 01:00:01,520 --> 01:00:00,060 experiments so I have always volunteered 1273 01:00:03,470 --> 01:00:01,530 for everybody's experiment everybody 1274 01:00:06,110 --> 01:00:03,480 volunteers for my experiments so when I 1275 01:00:07,280 --> 01:00:06,120 here was here at Ames I volunteered to 1276 01:00:08,930 --> 01:00:07,290 be on the Vomit Comet 1277 01:00:11,720 --> 01:00:08,940 anyone is bad 1278 01:00:13,460 --> 01:00:11,730 the airplane that does parabolic flight 1279 01:00:16,940 --> 01:00:13,470 so it goes up and then comes down and so 1280 01:00:20,840 --> 01:00:16,950 depending on its trajectory you get 1281 01:00:22,820 --> 01:00:20,850 different amounts of gravity and so we 1282 01:00:26,180 --> 01:00:22,830 in this particular flight we were doing 1283 01:00:28,220 --> 01:00:26,190 lunar gravity so I have experienced 1284 01:00:31,940 --> 01:00:28,230 lunar gravity and that was really cool 1285 01:00:34,610 --> 01:00:31,950 and the point the purpose of the 1286 01:00:37,640 --> 01:00:34,620 experiment was to understand how blood 1287 01:00:39,350 --> 01:00:37,650 flows in partial gravity so I was all 1288 01:00:42,980 --> 01:00:39,360 instrumented up with a whole bunch of 1289 01:00:45,530 --> 01:00:42,990 electrodes and they took a gram of my 1290 01:00:47,330 --> 01:00:45,540 heart and while I was in on the 1291 01:00:51,950 --> 01:00:47,340 parabolic flight though you know I think 1292 01:00:53,330 --> 01:00:51,960 we have a photo of us so you can see all 1293 01:00:54,500 --> 01:00:53,340 the electrodes and it was actually 1294 01:00:56,750 --> 01:00:54,510 really cool and made me think about all 1295 01:00:58,370 --> 01:00:56,760 sorts of interesting challenges in terms 1296 01:01:00,380 --> 01:00:58,380 of like how would we build things in 1297 01:01:03,920 --> 01:01:00,390 partial gravity because there's still 1298 01:01:05,840 --> 01:01:03,930 enough weight to you but not a lot and 1299 01:01:07,280 --> 01:01:05,850 so in case you guys like this very 1300 01:01:08,870 --> 01:01:07,290 interesting mixture because they 1301 01:01:11,180 --> 01:01:08,880 microgravity we know how to design 1302 01:01:13,220 --> 01:01:11,190 things for microgravity mm-hmm sort of 1303 01:01:14,540 --> 01:01:13,230 we know yeah we know what's expect in 1304 01:01:15,710 --> 01:01:14,550 some ways that's like on the space 1305 01:01:17,930 --> 01:01:15,720 station right yeah on the space station 1306 01:01:19,760 --> 01:01:17,940 but lunar is like we spend so little 1307 01:01:22,220 --> 01:01:19,770 time on it and there's a whole whole 1308 01:01:24,920 --> 01:01:22,230 slew of design problems there 1309 01:01:27,740 --> 01:01:24,930 that's fascinating cool very cool all 1310 01:01:30,710 --> 01:01:27,750 right well Diana are you up for sharing 1311 01:01:36,020 --> 01:01:30,720 a weird science moment well I I can't 1312 01:01:38,030 --> 01:01:36,030 top Kathy's story but in our Iceland 1313 01:01:40,400 --> 01:01:38,040 trips because one of the things that 1314 01:01:42,740 --> 01:01:40,410 we're looking for is very very low 1315 01:01:44,900 --> 01:01:42,750 levels of life we also have to get very 1316 01:01:47,510 --> 01:01:44,910 far away from any other place that 1317 01:01:53,660 --> 01:01:47,520 people normally go because people shed 1318 01:01:56,870 --> 01:01:53,670 life everywhere so we have a tiny little 1319 01:01:58,370 --> 01:01:56,880 Hut that we drive out to and spend the 1320 01:02:00,500 --> 01:01:58,380 night at and then spend another couple 1321 01:02:02,510 --> 01:02:00,510 of hours driving to in the morning to 1322 01:02:04,130 --> 01:02:02,520 get out to our sites we take our samples 1323 01:02:05,270 --> 01:02:04,140 we bundled them all back on top of the 1324 01:02:07,490 --> 01:02:05,280 Land Rover and then we come all the way 1325 01:02:09,680 --> 01:02:07,500 back and spend another night in the tiny 1326 01:02:14,120 --> 01:02:09,690 little Hut in Iceland which even in the 1327 01:02:20,739 --> 01:02:15,599 [Music] 1328 01:02:23,200 --> 01:02:20,749 we got to fit eight people and so we 1329 01:02:31,960 --> 01:02:23,210 basically repeat cycles of this for 1330 01:02:36,190 --> 01:02:31,970 three weeks at the time I saw that and I 1331 01:02:37,900 --> 01:02:36,200 thought it might be in people it turns 1332 01:02:39,220 --> 01:02:37,910 out it's very important to select your 1333 01:02:52,089 --> 01:02:39,230 collaborators by whether or not they 1334 01:02:54,940 --> 01:02:52,099 snore right again we've run out of time 1335 01:02:57,519 --> 01:02:54,950 and while we would love to spend the 1336 01:03:06,759 --> 01:02:57,529 rest of our show with you guys we 1337 01:03:08,890 --> 01:03:06,769 unfortunately have to thank you thanks 1338 01:03:11,349 --> 01:03:08,900 guys so remember you guys are watching 1339 01:03:14,410 --> 01:03:11,359 NASA in Silicon Valley live today we're 1340 01:03:16,180 --> 01:03:14,420 celebrating national stem day by talking 1341 01:03:18,609 --> 01:03:16,190 to some of the amazing wonder women of 1342 01:03:20,380 --> 01:03:18,619 NASA and if you have any questions for 1343 01:03:21,700 --> 01:03:20,390 our guests feel free to write them in 1344 01:03:25,089 --> 01:03:21,710 the chat and if you want to learn more 1345 01:03:29,769 --> 01:03:25,099 about women at NASA you can go to women 1346 01:03:33,130 --> 01:03:29,779 dot nasa.gov beuliss all right so let's 1347 01:03:36,009 --> 01:03:33,140 go now to our fabulous Aeronautics crew 1348 01:03:37,870 --> 01:03:36,019 let's bring out Nettie Patricia and 1349 01:03:48,390 --> 01:03:37,880 Sarah come on 1350 01:03:53,630 --> 01:03:50,860 [Laughter] 1351 01:03:56,630 --> 01:03:53,640 first things first can you ladies 1352 01:03:59,180 --> 01:03:56,640 introduce yourselves and I know you guys 1353 01:04:02,780 --> 01:03:59,190 are all aerospace engineers but what 1354 01:04:04,790 --> 01:04:02,790 exactly do you do okay I'll start my 1355 01:04:06,500 --> 01:04:04,800 name is Ned eros boom I am an aerospace 1356 01:04:08,990 --> 01:04:06,510 engineer and I lead our 1357 01:04:12,800 --> 01:04:09,000 pressure-sensitive paint technology here 1358 01:04:14,810 --> 01:04:12,810 at NASA Ames okay I'm Patricia Ventura 1359 01:04:16,850 --> 01:04:14,820 I'm another space engineer also and 1360 01:04:17,980 --> 01:04:16,860 actually I work in a super computing 1361 01:04:19,850 --> 01:04:17,990 division here at NASA Ames 1362 01:04:22,400 --> 01:04:19,860 supercomputing awesome 1363 01:04:24,160 --> 01:04:22,410 my name is Sarah de Souza and I design 1364 01:04:28,970 --> 01:04:24,170 guidance and control systems for 1365 01:04:33,140 --> 01:04:28,980 spacecrafts all right should we find out 1366 01:04:35,240 --> 01:04:33,150 where you come from origin stories how 1367 01:04:37,760 --> 01:04:35,250 how did you know you wanted to do this 1368 01:04:44,870 --> 01:04:37,770 so I will claim that I knew when I was 1369 01:04:48,110 --> 01:04:44,880 eight months when I was why kid is 1370 01:04:50,210 --> 01:04:48,120 because when I was a freshman in college 1371 01:04:53,120 --> 01:04:50,220 or sorry a sophomore in college I was 1372 01:04:55,070 --> 01:04:53,130 able to get a internship at Johnson 1373 01:04:56,990 --> 01:04:55,080 Space Center and work us alongside 1374 01:05:01,460 --> 01:04:57,000 astronauts who were on the space shuttle 1375 01:05:03,500 --> 01:05:01,470 and many years later my sister was going 1376 01:05:05,630 --> 01:05:03,510 through our photo album and she sent me 1377 01:05:08,090 --> 01:05:05,640 a picture that was a picture of my mom 1378 01:05:11,090 --> 01:05:08,100 holding me when I was a baby and with a 1379 01:05:14,260 --> 01:05:11,100 picture of the Space Shuttle in the back 1380 01:05:16,520 --> 01:05:14,270 in our room and I just I just think 1381 01:05:19,070 --> 01:05:16,530 everything I've done throughout my life 1382 01:05:20,570 --> 01:05:19,080 has been influenced by my family and 1383 01:05:23,810 --> 01:05:20,580 what we did as kids 1384 01:05:31,330 --> 01:05:23,820 I've always loved space and it's always 1385 01:05:39,200 --> 01:05:35,870 the picture that is very much a space 1386 01:05:44,930 --> 01:05:39,210 enthusiasts and a dreamer and I 1387 01:05:46,040 --> 01:05:44,940 definitely get that from my dad - so 1388 01:05:48,530 --> 01:05:46,050 what about you Patricia 1389 01:05:49,970 --> 01:05:48,540 so actually yeah I remember that my 1390 01:05:53,390 --> 01:05:49,980 grandmother took me to the planetarium 1391 01:05:56,210 --> 01:05:53,400 when I was like 4 years old and then I 1392 01:05:58,250 --> 01:05:56,220 was so surprised but all the stars you 1393 01:05:59,930 --> 01:05:58,260 could see and said I thought at that 1394 01:06:03,980 --> 01:05:59,940 point that I wanted to do something 1395 01:06:05,330 --> 01:06:03,990 space related and then when you know 1396 01:06:07,280 --> 01:06:05,340 when they always ask kids what do you 1397 01:06:09,440 --> 01:06:07,290 wanna do when you're like a grown up I 1398 01:06:13,400 --> 01:06:09,450 was so I was always saying an astronaut 1399 01:06:15,230 --> 01:06:13,410 but then when I was in high school I I 1400 01:06:17,440 --> 01:06:15,240 was very good in math and then in 1401 01:06:20,480 --> 01:06:17,450 physics so I decided to go for 1402 01:06:24,080 --> 01:06:20,490 engineering and well I could do space so 1403 01:06:27,080 --> 01:06:24,090 aerospace engineering okay yeah so we 1404 01:06:30,350 --> 01:06:27,090 have a photo of a young you can we take 1405 01:06:33,610 --> 01:06:30,360 that front upon well he's not very all 1406 01:06:41,780 --> 01:06:37,490 so that photo is three years old is a 1407 01:06:43,990 --> 01:06:41,790 was taking I think one month after I 1408 01:06:46,550 --> 01:06:44,000 started my internship here at NASA Ames 1409 01:06:49,490 --> 01:06:46,560 and it was the first time I visited the 1410 01:06:52,910 --> 01:06:49,500 supercomputer and I was so surprised it 1411 01:06:54,800 --> 01:06:52,920 was so big allowed all supercomputer 1412 01:06:57,260 --> 01:06:54,810 happened to have a name that we may know 1413 01:07:00,140 --> 01:06:57,270 about yeah so that one is the Pleiades 1414 01:07:01,610 --> 01:07:00,150 supercomputer but here at Ames we have 1415 01:07:04,070 --> 01:07:01,620 another supercomputer that is called 1416 01:07:07,940 --> 01:07:04,080 Electra and we're actually building a 1417 01:07:11,990 --> 01:07:07,950 third one for those Pleiades and Electra 1418 01:07:14,440 --> 01:07:12,000 right so what about unity like 1419 01:07:18,380 --> 01:07:14,450 what'swhat's your origin stories yeah I 1420 01:07:22,370 --> 01:07:18,390 grew up in Tennessee I remember going to 1421 01:07:24,620 --> 01:07:22,380 see a see the st. Louis Arch 1422 01:07:27,380 --> 01:07:24,630 and I remember driving across the bridge 1423 01:07:29,930 --> 01:07:27,390 and going to the st. Louis Arch and I 1424 01:07:31,550 --> 01:07:29,940 just you know looked at both of these 1425 01:07:35,140 --> 01:07:31,560 things are studying drafting in high 1426 01:07:37,180 --> 01:07:35,150 school and is like wow these are 1427 01:07:39,550 --> 01:07:37,190 really impressive and I want to do 1428 01:07:41,590 --> 01:07:39,560 whatever it is that can produce 1429 01:07:44,770 --> 01:07:41,600 something like this so you know I went 1430 01:07:47,200 --> 01:07:44,780 into college started studying mechanical 1431 01:07:50,350 --> 01:07:47,210 engineering and then I found fluid 1432 01:07:54,180 --> 01:07:50,360 dynamics thermodynamics and wow you're 1433 01:07:59,500 --> 01:07:56,950 yeah just kept wiggling my way that I 1434 01:08:02,860 --> 01:07:59,510 had an internship as well here at NASA 1435 01:08:04,750 --> 01:08:02,870 Ames we got my way over to the wind 1436 01:08:06,370 --> 01:08:04,760 tunnel division wow this is really cool 1437 01:08:08,050 --> 01:08:06,380 you have these giant compressors and 1438 01:08:09,850 --> 01:08:08,060 radiators and all the things that you 1439 01:08:14,280 --> 01:08:09,860 had studied there in your and your 1440 01:08:17,050 --> 01:08:14,290 textbooks we here in life and looks huge 1441 01:08:20,490 --> 01:08:17,060 over to pressure-sensitive paint which 1442 01:08:23,890 --> 01:08:20,500 which was just a great melody I like 1443 01:08:39,970 --> 01:08:23,900 hardware/software wind tunnel is so I'm 1444 01:08:41,080 --> 01:08:39,980 really in my happy place ya know before 1445 01:08:43,480 --> 01:08:41,090 you went there that you could go up in 1446 01:08:50,380 --> 01:08:43,490 this little tram and go the hole it's 1447 01:08:57,430 --> 01:08:50,390 crazy I feel this is must be how a chick 1448 01:08:59,770 --> 01:08:57,440 feels in an egg all right so should we 1449 01:09:02,050 --> 01:08:59,780 go back to basics for just a moment and 1450 01:09:03,640 --> 01:09:02,060 do some vocabulary yes because you guys 1451 01:09:05,860 --> 01:09:03,650 have mentioned computational fluid 1452 01:09:07,270 --> 01:09:05,870 dynamics and wind tolls and whatnot but 1453 01:09:09,550 --> 01:09:07,280 I know that was new to me when I got to 1454 01:09:11,080 --> 01:09:09,560 NASA so can you tell us really quickly 1455 01:09:12,790 --> 01:09:11,090 what's a wind tunnel really quickly with 1456 01:09:15,370 --> 01:09:12,800 a wind tunnel you don't know how an 1457 01:09:17,380 --> 01:09:15,380 aircraft is going to fly in space so 1458 01:09:19,330 --> 01:09:17,390 instead of throwing the aircraft through 1459 01:09:22,240 --> 01:09:19,340 the air we hold the aircraft still and 1460 01:09:25,800 --> 01:09:22,250 we blow the wind over the aircraft bring 1461 01:09:27,970 --> 01:09:25,810 the the model to the air yes yes okay 1462 01:09:28,990 --> 01:09:27,980 very cool all right and I know you do a 1463 01:09:31,090 --> 01:09:29,000 lot of work in there so we're gonna talk 1464 01:09:33,040 --> 01:09:31,100 more about that later yeah so like what 1465 01:09:38,440 --> 01:09:33,050 about CFD or commonly known as 1466 01:09:46,269 --> 01:09:43,150 so it means we simulate the flow of air 1467 01:09:50,130 --> 01:09:46,279 or anything it just has to be a fluid 1468 01:09:52,780 --> 01:09:50,140 around your geometry and with 1469 01:09:55,630 --> 01:09:52,790 supercomputers we get to see the 1470 01:09:58,060 --> 01:09:55,640 performances the acoustics we calculate 1471 01:10:03,100 --> 01:09:58,070 the pressure distribution we can improve 1472 01:10:16,120 --> 01:10:03,110 the designs and yeah all right mate 1473 01:10:17,979 --> 01:10:16,130 I think we have a common the beauty of 1474 01:10:20,470 --> 01:10:17,989 engineering is that there's things that 1475 01:10:23,080 --> 01:10:20,480 really click with someone and and they 1476 01:10:24,550 --> 01:10:23,090 love and really embrace and it is their 1477 01:10:26,470 --> 01:10:24,560 love language and then there's other 1478 01:10:29,440 --> 01:10:26,480 things like why would you even study 1479 01:10:31,240 --> 01:10:29,450 this that's beautiful you for having 1480 01:10:33,640 --> 01:10:31,250 diverse folks looking at the same 1481 01:10:36,460 --> 01:10:33,650 problems yeah yeah for sure and so also 1482 01:10:39,010 --> 01:10:36,470 so wanted to remind you guys and also 1483 01:10:43,060 --> 01:10:39,020 for our viewers at home that the first a 1484 01:10:45,040 --> 01:10:43,070 in NASA is aeronautics his research 1485 01:10:47,350 --> 01:10:45,050 center is one of the leaders in that 1486 01:10:51,160 --> 01:10:47,360 research and for all you fun facts at 1487 01:10:54,670 --> 01:10:51,170 home we are the second Aeronautics lab 1488 01:10:56,800 --> 01:10:54,680 in the country country behind Langley we 1489 01:11:04,900 --> 01:10:56,810 were there in establishment in 1490 01:11:07,570 --> 01:11:04,910 establishment yeah okay so we're gonna 1491 01:11:09,700 --> 01:11:07,580 we're gonna move along so we're gonna do 1492 01:11:11,380 --> 01:11:09,710 your origin story so it's like when did 1493 01:11:14,500 --> 01:11:11,390 you ladies know that you wanted to be an 1494 01:11:20,380 --> 01:11:14,510 aerospace engineer you wanna start with 1495 01:11:22,390 --> 01:11:20,390 start with Nettie yeah well I I you know 1496 01:11:24,760 --> 01:11:22,400 it was really here at NASA Ames that I 1497 01:11:26,979 --> 01:11:24,770 was studying mechanical and so that's 1498 01:11:30,310 --> 01:11:26,989 where I made the leap over to aerospace 1499 01:11:33,729 --> 01:11:30,320 engineering and you know that's how I 1500 01:11:36,520 --> 01:11:33,739 found pressure-sensitive paint maybe we 1501 01:11:38,260 --> 01:11:36,530 want to be backing on that let's talk 1502 01:11:41,050 --> 01:11:38,270 about your day in the life yeah yeah 1503 01:11:42,670 --> 01:11:41,060 yeah um day in my life like the other 1504 01:11:46,630 --> 01:11:42,680 women that came before you know we have 1505 01:11:48,130 --> 01:11:46,640 a very diverse set of days it depends 1506 01:11:50,200 --> 01:11:48,140 you know if we're planning if we're 1507 01:11:51,370 --> 01:11:50,210 trying to execute or if we're processing 1508 01:11:54,310 --> 01:11:51,380 data 1509 01:11:55,570 --> 01:11:54,320 yeah so we have different customers that 1510 01:11:57,640 --> 01:11:55,580 I work with that come to the wind tunnel 1511 01:11:59,770 --> 01:11:57,650 and they come to me and I say I want 1512 01:12:02,050 --> 01:11:59,780 pressure-sensitive paint on my model and 1513 01:12:05,830 --> 01:12:02,060 I said great what do you expect what do 1514 01:12:07,240 --> 01:12:05,840 you want and then we do this planning we 1515 01:12:09,850 --> 01:12:07,250 actually installed the model in the wind 1516 01:12:22,810 --> 01:12:09,860 tunnel and then I paint the wind tunnel 1517 01:12:26,650 --> 01:12:22,820 model so we'll take large wind tunnel 1518 01:12:28,600 --> 01:12:26,660 models this one's a small replica but 1519 01:12:30,580 --> 01:12:28,610 you know one that we have worked on in 1520 01:12:32,080 --> 01:12:30,590 the past maybe about a foot and a half 1521 01:12:34,900 --> 01:12:32,090 in diameter that we'll put in the wind 1522 01:12:36,910 --> 01:12:34,910 tunnel model I'll paint it with a base 1523 01:12:41,650 --> 01:12:36,920 coat and then I'll paint it with a top 1524 01:12:45,240 --> 01:12:41,660 coat and this top coat has a luminescent 1525 01:12:48,520 --> 01:12:45,250 molecule that responds to oxygen and why 1526 01:12:51,960 --> 01:12:48,530 oxygen is interesting is because a 1527 01:12:55,810 --> 01:12:51,970 partial pressure of oxygen is pressure 1528 01:12:58,720 --> 01:12:55,820 so yeah so this this paint will sense 1529 01:13:01,060 --> 01:12:58,730 how much oxygen is in the air and so we 1530 01:13:02,320 --> 01:13:01,070 read that as pressure why that's 1531 01:13:05,650 --> 01:13:02,330 interesting is that you know 1532 01:13:07,270 --> 01:13:05,660 traditionally we put pressure taps on 1533 01:13:08,980 --> 01:13:07,280 the wind tunnel model in a discreet 1534 01:13:11,350 --> 01:13:08,990 location so we only know the pressure at 1535 01:13:13,540 --> 01:13:11,360 that specific location but now as you 1536 01:13:15,910 --> 01:13:13,550 can see with the pink model here we can 1537 01:13:17,920 --> 01:13:15,920 sense everywhere there's pressure so now 1538 01:13:20,230 --> 01:13:17,930 that we know the pressure of the mall 1539 01:13:22,240 --> 01:13:20,240 over the model we know the area of the 1540 01:13:25,330 --> 01:13:22,250 model then we can know the forces that 1541 01:13:31,780 --> 01:13:25,340 the model is seeing okay so you know I 1542 01:13:33,670 --> 01:13:31,790 think we have a photo of you in my 1543 01:13:36,400 --> 01:13:33,680 domain yeah yeah so that was a recent 1544 01:13:39,040 --> 01:13:36,410 test I don't know where NASA is 1545 01:13:41,560 --> 01:13:39,050 developing the largest rocket ever built 1546 01:13:44,650 --> 01:13:41,570 and we will be going to the moon onto 1547 01:13:47,380 --> 01:13:44,660 Mars and we are sending different Rovers 1548 01:13:50,590 --> 01:13:47,390 and things into deep space and so this 1549 01:13:52,900 --> 01:13:50,600 is the crew version of SLS and it was 1550 01:13:55,870 --> 01:13:52,910 here testing in our wind tunnels back in 1551 01:13:59,440 --> 01:13:55,880 December and we took pressure-sensitive 1552 01:14:02,410 --> 01:13:59,450 paint measurements on it then - yeah 1553 01:14:04,299 --> 01:14:02,420 it's it's a lot of fun to be applying 1554 01:14:05,859 --> 01:14:04,309 this technology to 1555 01:14:08,410 --> 01:14:05,869 you know this next generation of space 1556 01:14:11,319 --> 01:14:08,420 vehicles and aircraft that NASA is 1557 01:14:12,760 --> 01:14:11,329 producing super cool what about you 1558 01:14:15,580 --> 01:14:12,770 Patrice yeah like what's a 1559 01:14:26,399 --> 01:14:15,590 day-in-the-life sighs they spend most of 1560 01:14:32,350 --> 01:14:31,060 so my work consists on computational 1561 01:14:37,000 --> 01:14:32,360 fluid dynamics as we mentioned before 1562 01:14:49,930 --> 01:14:37,010 and so we model the geometry of our 1563 01:14:51,640 --> 01:14:49,940 aircraft or rotor craft we all right so 1564 01:14:56,770 --> 01:14:51,650 this is a drone yeah yeah this is a 1565 01:14:59,709 --> 01:14:56,780 drone so for this case for example we 1566 01:15:02,290 --> 01:14:59,719 obtained the geometry and then I spend a 1567 01:15:06,370 --> 01:15:02,300 lot of time meshing that geometry that 1568 01:15:09,729 --> 01:15:06,380 means so removing a lot of details that 1569 01:15:11,740 --> 01:15:09,739 we don't need for the CFE and then we 1570 01:15:14,410 --> 01:15:11,750 put points everywhere on the surface 1571 01:15:17,290 --> 01:15:14,420 that's what we're gonna solve our fluid 1572 01:15:19,240 --> 01:15:17,300 dynamics equations and then we need to 1573 01:15:24,279 --> 01:15:19,250 fill the rest of the place space around 1574 01:15:28,750 --> 01:15:24,289 the vehicle so we like model a bigger 1575 01:15:32,620 --> 01:15:28,760 volume around the drone and after once I 1576 01:15:35,709 --> 01:15:32,630 confident with my mesh I I run the 1577 01:15:39,729 --> 01:15:35,719 simulation with a supercomputer so we 1578 01:15:42,399 --> 01:15:39,739 use from 1,000 to 2,000 processors and 1579 01:15:47,680 --> 01:15:42,409 that's a lot of processors and it takes 1580 01:15:50,229 --> 01:15:47,690 a few days to complete that's oh yeah 1581 01:15:53,740 --> 01:15:50,239 first we I need to be sure I haven't 1582 01:15:56,979 --> 01:15:53,750 made any mistakes and then we come we 1583 01:15:59,680 --> 01:15:56,989 check the solutions we we see if there 1584 01:16:02,140 --> 01:15:59,690 are problems with a geometry design and 1585 01:16:05,339 --> 01:16:02,150 we might we might modify the the 1586 01:16:08,320 --> 01:16:05,349 geometry to find better more performant 1587 01:16:10,030 --> 01:16:08,330 quieter safer vehicles 1588 01:16:12,550 --> 01:16:10,040 okay so I just want to review you were 1589 01:16:15,940 --> 01:16:12,560 talking about you get the geometry of 1590 01:16:18,190 --> 01:16:15,950 this flying vehicle right so I do likes 1591 01:16:22,960 --> 01:16:18,200 you scan it somehow to get its shape 1592 01:16:25,920 --> 01:16:22,970 yeah yeah so we first we scan the 1593 01:16:28,660 --> 01:16:25,930 geometry but this scan is not 100% 1594 01:16:30,130 --> 01:16:28,670 precise or sometimes it's a bit we go 1595 01:16:33,370 --> 01:16:30,140 and so then we need to spend a lot of 1596 01:16:35,110 --> 01:16:33,380 time smoothing that geometry okay 1597 01:16:39,970 --> 01:16:35,120 so you get the perfect shape the outline 1598 01:16:49,060 --> 01:16:39,980 yeah this real real close to this yes 1599 01:16:51,430 --> 01:16:49,070 that's close to reality isn't it okay so 1600 01:16:56,080 --> 01:16:51,440 yeah that's the surface mesh of this 1601 01:16:57,880 --> 01:16:56,090 vehicle and then so I think he had so 1602 01:17:04,140 --> 01:16:57,890 that's the surface but once I did the 1603 01:17:08,110 --> 01:17:04,150 volume mesh so the complete mesh it has 1604 01:17:18,520 --> 01:17:08,120 500 million grid points Wow which is a 1605 01:17:23,340 --> 01:17:18,530 lot and then what is the final result of 1606 01:17:28,090 --> 01:17:23,350 all that work so what can we see so 1607 01:17:29,800 --> 01:17:28,100 visualize the flow then we can calculate 1608 01:17:32,400 --> 01:17:29,810 the forces on the vehicle this is 1609 01:17:34,150 --> 01:17:32,410 anything with with the wind tunnels but 1610 01:17:36,220 --> 01:17:34,160 because everything is with a 1611 01:17:37,990 --> 01:17:36,230 supercomputer then I can just modify the 1612 01:17:41,800 --> 01:17:38,000 geometry I don't have to rebuild a 1613 01:17:43,750 --> 01:17:41,810 different drone okay also visualize the 1614 01:17:48,210 --> 01:17:43,760 acoustic field we can see if it's quiet 1615 01:17:51,670 --> 01:17:48,220 or noisy can we see the visualization 1616 01:17:53,560 --> 01:17:51,680 let's bring up that simulation so is 1617 01:17:55,690 --> 01:17:53,570 that that drone flying so actually 1618 01:17:58,360 --> 01:17:55,700 that's a modification we did of that 1619 01:18:01,450 --> 01:17:58,370 drone if you see the front rotors 1620 01:18:03,940 --> 01:18:01,460 they're mountain underneath of the arm 1621 01:18:06,910 --> 01:18:03,950 so when we first run the simulation for 1622 01:18:10,360 --> 01:18:06,920 the original drone we saw that the wake 1623 01:18:12,640 --> 01:18:10,370 of the rotors was interact the four 1624 01:18:14,650 --> 01:18:12,650 rotors was interacting with the afters 1625 01:18:17,500 --> 01:18:14,660 and reducing the performances so we 1626 01:18:19,150 --> 01:18:17,510 figure we might mount the rotors in the 1627 01:18:19,959 --> 01:18:19,160 front underneath to avoid this 1628 01:18:23,830 --> 01:18:19,969 interaction 1629 01:18:26,200 --> 01:18:23,840 and actually this vehicle is 60% more 1630 01:18:29,229 --> 01:18:26,210 efficient than the original one oh and 1631 01:18:32,740 --> 01:18:29,239 yes others we could see there was a 1632 01:18:46,300 --> 01:18:32,750 pressure and the spaghetti things that's 1633 01:18:47,280 --> 01:18:46,310 the vortex pike how about get Sarah's 1634 01:18:51,150 --> 01:18:47,290 day-in-the-life 1635 01:18:54,160 --> 01:18:51,160 good to some other objects they brought 1636 01:18:56,530 --> 01:18:54,170 alright I will say my day in the life is 1637 01:18:59,110 --> 01:18:56,540 being able to work with wonderful people 1638 01:19:02,170 --> 01:18:59,120 like Nettie and Patricia here because we 1639 01:19:04,390 --> 01:19:02,180 take the data that they create and tell 1640 01:19:07,750 --> 01:19:04,400 us about how the vehicle performs and 1641 01:19:10,000 --> 01:19:07,760 use that in our simulations to tell us 1642 01:19:11,880 --> 01:19:10,010 can we really fly these vehicles and 1643 01:19:13,810 --> 01:19:11,890 within the requirements and the 1644 01:19:17,290 --> 01:19:13,820 environments that we want to fly them in 1645 01:19:19,420 --> 01:19:17,300 so for example with an aircraft there 1646 01:19:21,370 --> 01:19:19,430 with their simulations and the 1647 01:19:22,720 --> 01:19:21,380 Windtunnel results we can validate that 1648 01:19:24,930 --> 01:19:22,730 we have good predictions of what our 1649 01:19:28,390 --> 01:19:24,940 aerodynamics are for a particular 1650 01:19:30,939 --> 01:19:28,400 aircraft and then verify that it can 1651 01:19:35,910 --> 01:19:30,949 actually get from point A to point B so 1652 01:19:39,160 --> 01:19:35,920 for example one of the explains that 1653 01:19:42,250 --> 01:19:39,170 NASA has going right now which is an 1654 01:19:45,640 --> 01:19:42,260 experimental aircraft ex-59 they use 1655 01:19:48,550 --> 01:19:45,650 this information to be able to model in 1656 01:19:50,500 --> 01:19:48,560 the National Airspace how these vehicles 1657 01:19:52,900 --> 01:19:50,510 will perform and we can actually 1658 01:19:55,930 --> 01:19:52,910 understand can they integrate well can a 1659 01:19:57,729 --> 01:19:55,940 pilot actually maneuver this vehicle 1660 01:20:01,000 --> 01:19:57,739 with the performance that results from 1661 01:20:03,670 --> 01:20:01,010 the geometry so my day in the life is I 1662 01:20:07,000 --> 01:20:03,680 get to build simulations integrate them 1663 01:20:09,160 --> 01:20:07,010 together and much like them I didn't go 1664 01:20:10,930 --> 01:20:09,170 into it as a specific field but I love 1665 01:20:13,720 --> 01:20:10,940 fluids like 1666 01:20:16,720 --> 01:20:13,730 I really do I like that visualization 1667 01:20:19,390 --> 01:20:16,730 was amazing I just I love it so it's 1668 01:20:21,070 --> 01:20:19,400 just being able to work with other 1669 01:20:24,760 --> 01:20:21,080 engineers and then apply my own 1670 01:20:28,209 --> 01:20:24,770 expertise I end up in a lab or in front 1671 01:20:29,920 --> 01:20:28,219 of a computer or at another Center 1672 01:20:32,020 --> 01:20:29,930 trying to figure out how we can bring 1673 01:20:36,990 --> 01:20:32,030 all of our all the tools that nASA has 1674 01:20:39,490 --> 01:20:37,000 and leverage them together yeah I think 1675 01:20:42,100 --> 01:20:39,500 example like NASA Aeronautics that it's 1676 01:20:44,050 --> 01:20:42,110 you know you don't you don't build a 1677 01:20:45,459 --> 01:20:44,060 house we just went to we don't build an 1678 01:20:47,530 --> 01:20:45,469 airplane we just went to what we do wind 1679 01:20:50,890 --> 01:20:47,540 tunnel testing we do CFD we do 1680 01:20:51,790 --> 01:20:50,900 simulations and over a course course of 1681 01:20:53,920 --> 01:20:51,800 several years 1682 01:20:56,590 --> 01:20:53,930 you don't become and we develop an 1683 01:20:58,000 --> 01:20:56,600 aircraft that is produced and people 1684 01:21:03,430 --> 01:20:58,010 will fly one day right around 1685 01:21:06,540 --> 01:21:03,440 supersonically so we have a video of a 1686 01:21:09,700 --> 01:21:06,550 project you've worked on right yes 1687 01:21:12,340 --> 01:21:09,710 another part of this is we can't exactly 1688 01:21:14,290 --> 01:21:12,350 use wind tunnels yet I mean not yet I 1689 01:21:17,229 --> 01:21:14,300 should say it's more like arc Jets where 1690 01:21:18,729 --> 01:21:17,239 you can test whether or not the entry 1691 01:21:20,860 --> 01:21:18,739 vehicle can take the temperatures you 1692 01:21:24,010 --> 01:21:20,870 have but we currently don't have a way 1693 01:21:25,840 --> 01:21:24,020 to like test a spacecraft in a relevant 1694 01:21:30,010 --> 01:21:25,850 environment of high speed and high heat 1695 01:21:32,680 --> 01:21:30,020 in and have it kind of moved the way the 1696 01:21:38,200 --> 01:21:32,690 way it does when you fly an aircraft in 1697 01:21:39,700 --> 01:21:38,210 air on the a pin on earth right so we 1698 01:21:42,130 --> 01:21:39,710 have to do a number of different things 1699 01:21:44,350 --> 01:21:42,140 which is build simulations with CFD so 1700 01:21:47,350 --> 01:21:44,360 we get most of our aerodynamic 1701 01:21:52,030 --> 01:21:47,360 predictions forces and moments from CFD 1702 01:21:53,680 --> 01:21:52,040 from Patricia and then apply those to 1703 01:21:56,410 --> 01:21:53,690 our simulations and the video you're 1704 01:22:07,420 --> 01:21:56,420 going to see is a technology here at 1705 01:22:11,830 --> 01:22:07,430 Ames called adapt which is the entry 1706 01:22:13,270 --> 01:22:11,840 placement technology it tells you 1707 01:22:15,729 --> 01:22:13,280 everything you need to know about it 1708 01:22:18,580 --> 01:22:15,739 almost everything so we'll show you 1709 01:22:20,530 --> 01:22:18,590 footage of that and it kind of gives you 1710 01:22:22,529 --> 01:22:20,540 a sense of what the operations are 1711 01:22:24,000 --> 01:22:22,539 expected for that kind of you 1712 01:22:28,889 --> 01:22:24,010 okay all right so let's go ahead and 1713 01:22:29,219 --> 01:22:28,899 let's take a look hey what's happening 1714 01:22:32,309 --> 01:22:29,229 here 1715 01:22:33,869 --> 01:22:32,319 oh so it's deploying the the command 1716 01:22:36,419 --> 01:22:33,879 module and the and what I'll call the 1717 01:22:38,429 --> 01:22:36,429 the entry vehicle and now the entry 1718 01:22:40,919 --> 01:22:38,439 vehicle or a depth is deploying and 1719 01:22:44,250 --> 01:22:40,929 it'll separate from the service module 1720 01:22:46,799 --> 01:22:44,260 and prepare its attitude to enter the 1721 01:22:49,500 --> 01:22:46,809 atmosphere of a planet so here it's Mars 1722 01:22:51,750 --> 01:22:49,510 and you see it's it because of its high 1723 01:22:54,029 --> 01:22:51,760 speed at entry it has a high heat pulse 1724 01:22:55,649 --> 01:22:54,039 that it goes through it's very important 1725 01:22:59,399 --> 01:22:55,659 that that entry technology protects 1726 01:23:02,579 --> 01:22:59,409 whatever payload it's landing via that 1727 01:23:05,699 --> 01:23:02,589 thermal protection system that is facing 1728 01:23:08,579 --> 01:23:05,709 the earth as it enters okay and you're 1729 01:23:14,819 --> 01:23:08,589 working on the part behind I'm working 1730 01:23:17,369 --> 01:23:14,829 on this stuff behind excellent very cool 1731 01:23:20,219 --> 01:23:17,379 so we are going to move into our next 1732 01:23:23,009 --> 01:23:20,229 segment it's called show-and-tell 1733 01:23:24,779 --> 01:23:23,019 it's where as the name suggests we asked 1734 01:23:27,599 --> 01:23:24,789 our guests to bring in something fun and 1735 01:23:36,200 --> 01:23:27,609 unique to show us from the lab and tell 1736 01:23:43,410 --> 01:23:41,010 all right so Nettie gave us a preview of 1737 01:23:49,490 --> 01:23:43,420 the special stuff from her lab and I 1738 01:23:52,560 --> 01:23:49,500 still have questions about it okay so 1739 01:23:55,950 --> 01:23:52,570 you have a model in the wind tunnel yes 1740 01:23:58,859 --> 01:23:55,960 and in the past you used to have sensors 1741 01:23:59,879 --> 01:23:58,869 installed to capture the pressure the 1742 01:24:02,970 --> 01:23:59,889 air pressure yeah 1743 01:24:08,040 --> 01:24:02,980 readings right but this is a better 1744 01:24:09,540 --> 01:24:08,050 bigger better way lines as earlier as 1745 01:24:11,010 --> 01:24:09,550 like you know when we come to a wind 1746 01:24:15,359 --> 01:24:11,020 tunnel test there's different tools that 1747 01:24:17,430 --> 01:24:15,369 we can do use to measure flow measure 1748 01:24:19,830 --> 01:24:17,440 pressure measure force and a wind tunnel 1749 01:24:21,780 --> 01:24:19,840 test so traditionally it was pressure 1750 01:24:25,260 --> 01:24:21,790 taps and we still do a lot of testing 1751 01:24:27,300 --> 01:24:25,270 with pressure taps so often when we're 1752 01:24:29,010 --> 01:24:27,310 going to test either an aircraft or 1753 01:24:32,100 --> 01:24:29,020 spacecraft we talked about like it's 1754 01:24:34,709 --> 01:24:32,110 pressure sensitive paint realistic to 1755 01:24:36,390 --> 01:24:34,719 use and sometimes it's you know no we 1756 01:24:38,040 --> 01:24:36,400 just need pressure taps we don't need to 1757 01:24:41,490 --> 01:24:38,050 spend the time and money to do the 1758 01:24:43,890 --> 01:24:41,500 pressure sensitive paint other times you 1759 01:24:45,930 --> 01:24:43,900 know we need to know more about what's 1760 01:24:48,089 --> 01:24:45,940 happening on the surface of the vehicle 1761 01:24:52,020 --> 01:24:48,099 and measuring the surface pressure is 1762 01:24:53,790 --> 01:24:52,030 very insightful so different vehicles 1763 01:24:56,640 --> 01:24:53,800 we've done all three of the Commercial 1764 01:24:59,129 --> 01:24:56,650 Crew vehicles we've done Space Launch 1765 01:25:01,140 --> 01:24:59,139 System we've done several the X planes 1766 01:25:04,830 --> 01:25:01,150 using the pressure sensitive paint so 1767 01:25:07,950 --> 01:25:04,840 it's a new technology use it uses optics 1768 01:25:09,300 --> 01:25:07,960 so you know we have the the paint which 1769 01:25:11,310 --> 01:25:09,310 is interesting because there's the whole 1770 01:25:13,560 --> 01:25:11,320 chemistry of the paint the application 1771 01:25:16,350 --> 01:25:13,570 science of the paint and then the data 1772 01:25:19,020 --> 01:25:16,360 acquisition so we use UV lights to 1773 01:25:21,240 --> 01:25:19,030 excite this paint it responds to oxygen 1774 01:25:23,790 --> 01:25:21,250 as I mentioned earlier and so the oxygen 1775 01:25:26,010 --> 01:25:23,800 is going to come in and quench these 1776 01:25:27,570 --> 01:25:26,020 molecules so the luminescent molecules 1777 01:25:29,870 --> 01:25:27,580 they're shining really bright as we saw 1778 01:25:33,479 --> 01:25:29,880 in the the picture earlier is this 1779 01:25:35,669 --> 01:25:33,489 fluorescent pink light oxygen molecules 1780 01:25:39,000 --> 01:25:35,679 come in and make it shine really dim so 1781 01:25:41,399 --> 01:25:39,010 oxygen oxygen means there's higher 1782 01:25:43,200 --> 01:25:41,409 pressures present okay if there's an 1783 01:25:46,439 --> 01:25:43,210 absence of oxygen so a lower pressure 1784 01:25:48,589 --> 01:25:46,449 then it's not starving the luminescent 1785 01:25:50,810 --> 01:25:48,599 molecules of energy so it's Jenny really 1786 01:25:52,790 --> 01:25:50,820 right yeah okay so we use you know eight 1787 01:25:55,790 --> 01:25:52,800 to twelve cameras mounted around the 1788 01:26:00,229 --> 01:25:55,800 wind tunnel and we will record the 1789 01:26:02,119 --> 01:26:00,239 intensity that is being emitted by the 1790 01:26:06,949 --> 01:26:02,129 paints right so you can know the 1791 01:26:08,599 --> 01:26:06,959 pressure at every point yeah yeah in a 1792 01:26:10,639 --> 01:26:08,609 previous episode of NASA and Silicon 1793 01:26:13,399 --> 01:26:10,649 Valley live a few my colleagues came on 1794 01:26:18,290 --> 01:26:13,409 and we're talking about you know sensing 1795 01:26:19,909 --> 01:26:18,300 the the PSP and you know we equate like 1796 01:26:22,699 --> 01:26:19,919 you know we use cameras that have 1 1797 01:26:24,500 --> 01:26:22,709 million pixels on them and we use for 1798 01:26:26,679 --> 01:26:24,510 some of these we use like up to eight or 1799 01:26:29,810 --> 01:26:26,689 twelve so you can imagine we have 12 1800 01:26:31,399 --> 01:26:29,820 million pixels looking at this vehicle 1801 01:26:33,109 --> 01:26:31,409 so that's essentially 12 million 1802 01:26:35,209 --> 01:26:33,119 instruments that we're using to since 1803 01:26:37,819 --> 01:26:35,219 pressure you know on traditional models 1804 01:26:40,040 --> 01:26:37,829 maybe there's 200 or 300 pressure taps 1805 01:26:42,049 --> 01:26:40,050 if there's a lot sometimes we'll do it 1806 01:26:45,589 --> 01:26:42,059 even with just 12 pressure taps but yeah 1807 01:26:48,049 --> 01:26:45,599 using the you know the knowledge of and 1808 01:26:50,060 --> 01:26:48,059 the technology behind high-speed cameras 1809 01:26:52,689 --> 01:26:50,070 high intensity lighting that we use to 1810 01:26:54,439 --> 01:26:52,699 excite this paint and the and the 1811 01:26:56,119 --> 01:26:54,449 technology that's come along with the 1812 01:27:00,409 --> 01:26:56,129 paint it's really made this possible 1813 01:27:03,889 --> 01:27:00,419 that is so cool yeah a shout-out to you 1814 01:27:06,919 --> 01:27:03,899 the director of NASA Glenn Janet Cavani 1815 01:27:09,199 --> 01:27:06,929 she had her start in PSP or she did her 1816 01:27:12,949 --> 01:27:09,209 PhD in PSP chemistry and did some of the 1817 01:27:25,279 --> 01:27:12,959 very early Windtunnel tests involving PS 1818 01:27:28,459 --> 01:27:25,289 using PSP here at NASA Ames this is the 1819 01:27:30,649 --> 01:27:28,469 base coat and this is the top coat so 1820 01:27:34,129 --> 01:27:30,659 you know we need both of these for the 1821 01:27:37,009 --> 01:27:34,139 paint to work and and you know often 1822 01:27:39,949 --> 01:27:37,019 with painting this at it this is where 1823 01:27:41,899 --> 01:27:39,959 all my stress lies is that yeah I take a 1824 01:27:43,729 --> 01:27:41,909 lot of pride in the in the paint job and 1825 01:27:46,580 --> 01:27:43,739 that's one reason why I also have PSP is 1826 01:27:48,080 --> 01:27:46,590 like you know there's this artistic 1827 01:27:50,480 --> 01:27:48,090 all right behind it that you don't just 1828 01:27:55,130 --> 01:27:50,490 slap it on like yeah I wanted to do also 1829 01:27:59,540 --> 01:27:55,140 that the paint responsible is it take 1830 01:28:01,820 --> 01:27:59,550 for you to paint and to prepare these 1831 01:28:04,040 --> 01:28:01,830 models using your pressures that's it a 1832 01:28:07,250 --> 01:28:04,050 paint yeah yeah for some of the larger 1833 01:28:08,630 --> 01:28:07,260 models like we saw in the photo let's go 1834 01:28:12,500 --> 01:28:08,640 ahead and get that brought back up on 1835 01:28:14,840 --> 01:28:12,510 screen yeah you know that since we do 1836 01:28:16,520 --> 01:28:14,850 several different layers and then we 1837 01:28:18,650 --> 01:28:16,530 actually have to cure it so I will bake 1838 01:28:21,080 --> 01:28:18,660 the solvent out of the paint that that 1839 01:28:23,480 --> 01:28:21,090 took about eight hours to paint so you 1840 01:28:26,030 --> 01:28:23,490 know this paint is toxic so we wear 1841 01:28:28,940 --> 01:28:26,040 respirators so I would say that's one of 1842 01:28:30,320 --> 01:28:28,950 the more like the two physical parts of 1843 01:28:32,060 --> 01:28:30,330 the job or crawling around this wind 1844 01:28:33,530 --> 01:28:32,070 tunnel and mounting all the cameras and 1845 01:28:35,270 --> 01:28:33,540 layouts which is a lot of fun you get to 1846 01:28:37,520 --> 01:28:35,280 use your hands and use mechanical skills 1847 01:28:38,870 --> 01:28:37,530 and think of ways to design lamp mounts 1848 01:28:40,970 --> 01:28:38,880 camera mounts to to make things better 1849 01:28:43,430 --> 01:28:40,980 but yeah and then the the painting 1850 01:28:45,860 --> 01:28:43,440 wearing that hood for eight hours and 1851 01:28:53,900 --> 01:28:45,870 finally coming out and taking a breath 1852 01:28:56,950 --> 01:28:53,910 of fresh air all right well I think we 1853 01:29:05,390 --> 01:29:03,200 kisses object yeah parts of this look 1854 01:29:10,190 --> 01:29:05,400 kind of familiar to me but I don't 1855 01:29:13,940 --> 01:29:10,200 actually know what they end up to that's 1856 01:29:20,060 --> 01:29:13,950 it yep so this is a super computer note 1857 01:29:23,300 --> 01:29:20,070 is so one of the 1800 Sandy Bridge notes 1858 01:29:27,110 --> 01:29:23,310 we have in the pleiades supercomputer 1859 01:29:30,680 --> 01:29:27,120 1800 1800 and then 1860 01:29:33,560 --> 01:29:30,690 so each of these has 16 processors so 1861 01:29:35,240 --> 01:29:33,570 you just need to multiply Wow and the 1862 01:29:37,790 --> 01:29:35,250 thing is we don't we don't only have 1863 01:29:41,290 --> 01:29:37,800 Sandy Bridge nodes we have a bunch of EB 1864 01:29:47,900 --> 01:29:41,300 Bridge knows Broadway knows has OneNote 1865 01:29:58,890 --> 01:29:53,430 yeah so basically air comes from here 1866 01:30:01,890 --> 01:29:58,900 and then equal sound the two processor 1867 01:30:04,830 --> 01:30:01,900 like the notes so there are is a double 1868 01:30:06,930 --> 01:30:04,840 and then it comes out here and then 1869 01:30:08,370 --> 01:30:06,940 there is like a water system okay to 1870 01:30:10,050 --> 01:30:08,380 cool down the air yeah 1871 01:30:19,230 --> 01:30:10,060 because there's so much computing 1872 01:30:21,630 --> 01:30:19,240 happening right this compare to my 1873 01:30:24,470 --> 01:30:21,640 computer like it dude you know any facts 1874 01:30:40,440 --> 01:30:24,480 about how much more powerful this might 1875 01:30:43,980 --> 01:30:40,450 be yeah it's crazy 1876 01:30:48,750 --> 01:30:43,990 we have so many computers this is a big 1877 01:30:51,360 --> 01:30:48,760 computer yeah I would add if we didn't 1878 01:30:56,240 --> 01:30:51,370 have this right hmm I mean the length of 1879 01:30:58,620 --> 01:30:56,250 time it would take you to calculate is 1880 01:31:00,840 --> 01:30:58,630 impossible it's not exactly it's like 1881 01:31:03,660 --> 01:31:00,850 it's take you years to do like the 1882 01:31:15,510 --> 01:31:03,670 simulation that so yeah it will take me 1883 01:31:16,770 --> 01:31:15,520 years some day that maybe computational 1884 01:31:19,020 --> 01:31:16,780 fluid dynamics isn't your thing but 1885 01:31:21,030 --> 01:31:19,030 maybe other areas of fluids and heat 1886 01:31:22,860 --> 01:31:21,040 transfer you know the design of these 1887 01:31:24,900 --> 01:31:22,870 and you know when you look at the 1888 01:31:26,400 --> 01:31:24,910 picture from Patricia and seeing all 1889 01:31:26,850 --> 01:31:26,410 those different nodes and like heating 1890 01:31:28,560 --> 01:31:26,860 and cooling 1891 01:31:29,830 --> 01:31:28,570 well not heating but cooling is a big 1892 01:31:32,260 --> 01:31:29,840 issue 1893 01:31:33,100 --> 01:31:32,270 keeping a certain temperature I think 1894 01:31:34,960 --> 01:31:33,110 that anything like with the 1895 01:31:37,720 --> 01:31:34,970 supercomputer it's like not just used by 1896 01:31:39,850 --> 01:31:37,730 the CFD group like people like Sarah and 1897 01:31:41,800 --> 01:31:39,860 I hop on there and like you know try out 1898 01:31:44,050 --> 01:31:41,810 things on your laptop in your office but 1899 01:31:46,210 --> 01:31:44,060 man I really need to make this work 1900 01:31:47,620 --> 01:31:46,220 faster so hop on the supercomputer it's 1901 01:31:52,810 --> 01:31:47,630 a great resource that we have here at 1902 01:31:55,060 --> 01:31:52,820 NASA Ames the new supercomputer the 1903 01:32:17,080 --> 01:31:55,070 Elektra supercomputer was designed using 1904 01:32:19,870 --> 01:32:17,090 the supercomputer all right we can I 1905 01:32:41,980 --> 01:32:19,880 might ask patrician to maybe move the 1906 01:32:45,340 --> 01:32:41,990 node over what I brought today no this 1907 01:32:48,760 --> 01:32:45,350 is kind of a partially stowed adept 1908 01:32:50,620 --> 01:32:48,770 vehicle okay so it's a one meter when 1909 01:32:53,290 --> 01:32:50,630 fully stowed it it comes out to one 1910 01:32:55,540 --> 01:32:53,300 meter in diameter I'm showing you the 1911 01:32:59,500 --> 01:32:55,550 back side of the adapter aeroshell if 1912 01:33:01,660 --> 01:32:59,510 you reference the video from the nose 1913 01:33:04,420 --> 01:33:01,670 and the forward-facing side of the 1914 01:33:09,130 --> 01:33:04,430 vehicle going through the atmosphere and 1915 01:33:10,720 --> 01:33:09,140 this material here is a 3d woven fabric 1916 01:33:13,170 --> 01:33:10,730 that is essentially the thermal 1917 01:33:15,580 --> 01:33:13,180 protection system well that enables a 1918 01:33:18,400 --> 01:33:15,590 technology where we're able to stow the 1919 01:33:22,060 --> 01:33:18,410 vehicle on launch and create a 1920 01:33:29,500 --> 01:33:22,070 technology that allows us to land larger 1921 01:33:36,620 --> 01:33:29,510 payloads on Mars and allow us to stow 1922 01:33:43,560 --> 01:33:40,110 to stow this payload in existing rockets 1923 01:33:45,959 --> 01:33:43,570 so we don't have to build new rockets to 1924 01:33:48,240 --> 01:33:45,969 launch this kind of vehicle because we 1925 01:33:50,700 --> 01:33:48,250 can grow the mass without growing the 1926 01:33:54,479 --> 01:33:50,710 the vehicle itself as big as the 1927 01:33:58,620 --> 01:33:54,489 payloads that we want to land on Mars to 1928 01:34:00,870 --> 01:33:58,630 cover a larger spacecraft exactly so so 1929 01:34:04,229 --> 01:34:00,880 why I'm showing you the backside of this 1930 01:34:06,600 --> 01:34:04,239 is to show you one that it is not like 1931 01:34:09,630 --> 01:34:06,610 your Apollo capsule right where it's 1932 01:34:12,180 --> 01:34:09,640 covered on the back and that poses a 1933 01:34:15,060 --> 01:34:12,190 really big design challenge for us which 1934 01:34:18,180 --> 01:34:15,070 is how do we put the kind of control 1935 01:34:20,610 --> 01:34:18,190 systems that Apollo used and placed on 1936 01:34:24,479 --> 01:34:20,620 that back shell on something like this 1937 01:34:26,100 --> 01:34:24,489 where it's non-existent so we're what 1938 01:34:28,439 --> 01:34:26,110 we're trying to do is do what the Wright 1939 01:34:30,360 --> 01:34:28,449 brothers did for aircraft try to 1940 01:34:33,540 --> 01:34:30,370 maneuver this vehicle to where we want 1941 01:34:35,939 --> 01:34:33,550 it to go and design the systems on this 1942 01:34:39,209 --> 01:34:35,949 existing structure this rib structure or 1943 01:34:43,140 --> 01:34:39,219 on the payload in order to land let's 1944 01:34:45,180 --> 01:34:43,150 say a human habitat where we want it to 1945 01:34:58,950 --> 01:34:45,190 go we don't want it to just kind of 1946 01:35:01,169 --> 01:34:58,960 float along and so what we wanted to do 1947 01:35:03,570 --> 01:35:01,179 is use these existing structures that 1948 01:35:07,260 --> 01:35:03,580 allow the vehicle to be stowed to 1949 01:35:10,740 --> 01:35:07,270 install new kinds of control systems to 1950 01:35:16,580 --> 01:35:10,750 guide these vehicles pretty cool it's 1951 01:35:23,780 --> 01:35:21,040 [Laughter] 1952 01:35:25,910 --> 01:35:23,790 we're gonna move on to our question and 1953 01:35:29,750 --> 01:35:25,920 answering session but Sara don't go too 1954 01:35:31,850 --> 01:35:29,760 far because one of our Watchers wants to 1955 01:35:37,729 --> 01:35:31,860 know can it cover a curiosity type 1956 01:35:39,410 --> 01:35:37,739 payload hmm so yes it can but there's 1957 01:35:41,930 --> 01:35:39,420 still design challenges I would say this 1958 01:35:46,040 --> 01:35:41,940 technology has the capability to grow in 1959 01:35:48,140 --> 01:35:46,050 scale to land large payloads but because 1960 01:35:49,490 --> 01:35:48,150 it's a cutting-edge technology there's 1961 01:35:51,229 --> 01:35:49,500 still a lot of development work to 1962 01:35:54,290 --> 01:35:51,239 overcome some challenges that we may 1963 01:35:55,910 --> 01:35:54,300 have and all of those challenges come 1964 01:35:58,459 --> 01:35:55,920 with how do you package and stow 1965 01:36:00,650 --> 01:35:58,469 everything that you need with respect to 1966 01:36:04,310 --> 01:36:00,660 the control system so land it where you 1967 01:36:07,700 --> 01:36:04,320 need to go okay but it's possible pretty 1968 01:36:18,830 --> 01:36:07,710 cool all right for nettie we have a 1969 01:36:20,959 --> 01:36:18,840 comment that's so cool what is the 1970 01:36:27,430 --> 01:36:20,969 operating temperature of the paint Oh 1971 01:36:32,020 --> 01:36:27,440 interesting yeah well I would say a nice 1972 01:36:35,780 --> 01:36:32,030 book in would be from down to like 40 1973 01:36:37,640 --> 01:36:35,790 degrees F up to maybe 140 degrees F when 1974 01:36:40,010 --> 01:36:37,650 we start going up to higher temperatures 1975 01:36:42,380 --> 01:36:40,020 the the paint will actually start to 1976 01:36:45,439 --> 01:36:42,390 peel off the model so then we need to 1977 01:36:48,290 --> 01:36:45,449 think about you know what kind of paint 1978 01:36:50,570 --> 01:36:48,300 we use how do we apply it yes there's 1979 01:36:52,100 --> 01:36:50,580 interesting design challenges with the 1980 01:36:55,280 --> 01:36:52,110 chemistry of the paint and actually the 1981 01:36:57,470 --> 01:36:55,290 application of the paint and Patricia we 1982 01:36:59,180 --> 01:36:57,480 have a question for you so someone wants 1983 01:37:01,700 --> 01:36:59,190 to know is NASA currently running any 1984 01:37:03,950 --> 01:37:01,710 quantum computers for calculations yet 1985 01:37:07,100 --> 01:37:03,960 and or are they not really worthwhile 1986 01:37:09,020 --> 01:37:07,110 yet so actually yes there is a quantum 1987 01:37:14,150 --> 01:37:09,030 computer in the supercomputing division 1988 01:37:16,459 --> 01:37:14,160 but they run so it's a semi quantum 1989 01:37:18,910 --> 01:37:16,469 computer it's not quite there yet but 1990 01:37:22,140 --> 01:37:18,920 they're still working on it and they 1991 01:37:26,800 --> 01:37:22,150 from the Ransom simulations on 1992 01:37:29,290 --> 01:37:26,810 predicting the trees like just from 1993 01:37:31,270 --> 01:37:29,300 images but it's at 3 on what is not at 3 1994 01:37:37,540 --> 01:37:31,280 I think that is you can find it on there 1995 01:37:39,760 --> 01:37:37,550 on the website ok yeah there is a 1996 01:37:41,530 --> 01:37:39,770 question if anybody has an instrument 1997 01:37:44,170 --> 01:37:41,540 has aims ever done aerodynamics tests 1998 01:37:48,430 --> 01:37:44,180 for a Martian atmosphere yeah you know 1999 01:38:00,720 --> 01:37:48,440 we have a Martian Windtunnel here short 2000 01:38:12,310 --> 01:38:10,060 that's another cool thing we've talked a 2001 01:38:14,460 --> 01:38:12,320 lot about Mars here on earth today for 2002 01:38:17,380 --> 01:38:14,470 the biology um 2003 01:38:21,400 --> 01:38:17,390 let's find another one oh one cool 2004 01:38:23,800 --> 01:38:21,410 question it's let's see what are the 2005 01:38:27,850 --> 01:38:23,810 most exciting technological developments 2006 01:38:34,690 --> 01:38:27,860 on the horizon for your field yeah I'll 2007 01:38:37,060 --> 01:38:34,700 hop in there we have been doing for the 2008 01:38:38,880 --> 01:38:37,070 past you know since the 1980s is this is 2009 01:38:41,470 --> 01:38:38,890 really a steady-state measurement and 2010 01:38:45,100 --> 01:38:41,480 what I would claim that we're leading 2011 01:38:46,810 --> 01:38:45,110 here is the looking at unsteady pressure 2012 01:38:49,900 --> 01:38:46,820 sensitive paint so it can instead of 2013 01:38:51,640 --> 01:38:49,910 sensing a pressure over several seconds 2014 01:38:54,430 --> 01:38:51,650 what if we could sense a like twenty 2015 01:38:56,920 --> 01:38:54,440 five thousand times a second and that's 2016 01:39:01,000 --> 01:38:56,930 what we're working on now you know it's 2017 01:39:03,580 --> 01:39:01,010 been proven in the labs and in small 2018 01:39:05,410 --> 01:39:03,590 wind tunnels but I I love a good 2019 01:39:07,240 --> 01:39:05,420 challenge and I like to call it you know 2020 01:39:10,799 --> 01:39:07,250 I'm a child of the the Tim the tool man 2021 01:39:16,560 --> 01:39:13,859 yeah so yeah like we mentioned earlier 2022 01:39:17,970 --> 01:39:16,570 dream big I love to dream big so you 2023 01:39:19,830 --> 01:39:17,980 know that that model that we showed 2024 01:39:21,419 --> 01:39:19,840 earlier it was actually using pressure 2025 01:39:23,850 --> 01:39:21,429 since the unsteady pressure-sensitive 2026 01:39:24,479 --> 01:39:23,860 paint sitting at 10,000 frames per 2027 01:39:30,419 --> 01:39:24,489 second 2028 01:39:32,549 --> 01:39:30,429 interesting is that you know for CFD for 2029 01:39:34,950 --> 01:39:32,559 Windtunnel is when we start talking 2030 01:39:36,149 --> 01:39:34,960 about unsteady aerodynamics there's a 2031 01:39:37,740 --> 01:39:36,159 big question mark there and that's 2032 01:39:40,439 --> 01:39:37,750 that's probably one of the biggest feats 2033 01:39:41,879 --> 01:39:40,449 that we're facing is like NASA and even 2034 01:39:44,339 --> 01:39:41,889 just like the aerospace community in 2035 01:39:47,010 --> 01:39:44,349 general is like unsteady Aero is hard to 2036 01:39:48,390 --> 01:39:47,020 predict and one way that we you know 2037 01:39:49,770 --> 01:39:48,400 design vehicles is we just make them 2038 01:39:52,189 --> 01:39:49,780 heavier and stronger and that will 2039 01:39:55,379 --> 01:39:52,199 dampen out any of these unsteady Aero 2040 01:39:57,060 --> 01:39:55,389 flow physics that are happening but you 2041 01:39:59,189 --> 01:39:57,070 know we're on city PSP like why do I 2042 01:40:01,740 --> 01:39:59,199 even care about that is that if we can 2043 01:40:03,720 --> 01:40:01,750 actually measure this better and we 2044 01:40:05,819 --> 01:40:03,730 don't just throw mass at the problem and 2045 01:40:08,189 --> 01:40:05,829 make the make the you know tail of the 2046 01:40:10,560 --> 01:40:08,199 aircraft stronger make the the heat 2047 01:40:12,089 --> 01:40:10,570 shield around the astronauts thicker but 2048 01:40:14,609 --> 01:40:12,099 like if we could actually sense it and 2049 01:40:17,339 --> 01:40:14,619 measure it and be more accurate in our 2050 01:40:19,500 --> 01:40:17,349 calculations of the loads I it's really 2051 01:40:20,910 --> 01:40:19,510 crazy to think of the the possibilities 2052 01:40:22,680 --> 01:40:20,920 like we could we could put more payload 2053 01:40:24,779 --> 01:40:22,690 on we can make the the rocket lighter 2054 01:40:27,779 --> 01:40:24,789 not only that you the control systems 2055 01:40:30,060 --> 01:40:27,789 which take all of this input it it makes 2056 01:40:31,979 --> 01:40:30,070 my job easier because then I all I have 2057 01:40:33,629 --> 01:40:31,989 to do is worry about getting to the 2058 01:40:35,279 --> 01:40:33,639 location as opposed to now accounting 2059 01:40:36,600 --> 01:40:35,289 for all these dispersions we didn't know 2060 01:40:39,209 --> 01:40:36,610 we couldn't know what we couldn't 2061 01:40:41,549 --> 01:40:39,219 predict or I had to be really robust to 2062 01:40:44,040 --> 01:40:41,559 a large uncertainty which puts a lot of 2063 01:40:45,589 --> 01:40:44,050 pressure on the control systems yeah 2064 01:40:48,180 --> 01:40:45,599 it's funny 2065 01:40:50,310 --> 01:40:48,190 imagine stream for a moment cuz we're 2066 01:40:51,419 --> 01:40:50,320 not that far away but you know you have 2067 01:40:52,890 --> 01:40:51,429 to have that vision you have to have 2068 01:40:55,439 --> 01:40:52,900 that dream and I think that's really 2069 01:40:57,540 --> 01:40:55,449 what resonates with anyone here at NASA 2070 01:41:04,680 --> 01:40:57,550 is like yeah dream outside the box yeah 2071 01:41:08,279 --> 01:41:04,690 oh yeah what about YouTube so for me I'm 2072 01:41:09,790 --> 01:41:08,289 gonna mention two things okay so the 2073 01:41:13,060 --> 01:41:09,800 first is that 2074 01:41:16,540 --> 01:41:13,070 were CFD can be useful for not just like 2075 01:41:19,780 --> 01:41:16,550 predicting the floor just the first is 2076 01:41:21,430 --> 01:41:19,790 so Diana she was here before she said 2077 01:41:23,919 --> 01:41:21,440 she's working with drones and UAVs 2078 01:41:26,290 --> 01:41:23,929 mission info subtly that's one of the 2079 01:41:29,109 --> 01:41:26,300 projects I'm working on right now we're 2080 01:41:30,939 --> 01:41:29,119 using CFD to predict the ground effect 2081 01:41:33,520 --> 01:41:30,949 of their drone when they're taking off 2082 01:41:36,939 --> 01:41:33,530 really so in order to avoid the 2083 01:41:39,100 --> 01:41:36,949 contamination of the sample they want to 2084 01:41:42,549 --> 01:41:39,110 know where to put it before taking off 2085 01:41:45,220 --> 01:41:42,559 and landing so we run simulations to see 2086 01:41:47,290 --> 01:41:45,230 that and it might change the design or 2087 01:41:49,569 --> 01:41:47,300 they might make it more confident 2088 01:41:52,540 --> 01:41:49,579 alright yes change how they do their 2089 01:41:55,330 --> 01:41:52,550 science based on what you find and then 2090 01:42:00,160 --> 01:41:55,340 the other thing is it's called urban air 2091 01:42:05,169 --> 01:42:00,170 mobility so it means drones but for 2092 01:42:06,459 --> 01:42:05,179 people the rest of us ladies here that 2093 01:42:09,609 --> 01:42:06,469 you don't get to work with Jones 2094 01:42:12,280 --> 01:42:09,619 everyday work yeah so it means like in 2095 01:42:14,589 --> 01:42:12,290 the city instead of like taking your car 2096 01:42:16,569 --> 01:42:14,599 or the pass or whatever you could like 2097 01:42:19,689 --> 01:42:16,579 jump on one of these drones and take it 2098 01:42:22,030 --> 01:42:19,699 to the office so well there are many 2099 01:42:25,149 --> 01:42:22,040 challenges on that but the idea is to 2100 01:42:27,399 --> 01:42:25,159 have electric vehicles with multirotors 2101 01:42:29,589 --> 01:42:27,409 also because we want to be able to take 2102 01:42:30,850 --> 01:42:29,599 off and land vertically so we don't need 2103 01:42:36,280 --> 01:42:30,860 a like a long highway 2104 01:42:37,629 --> 01:42:36,290 yeah and runway sorry and then but we 2105 01:42:41,439 --> 01:42:37,639 also like there are challenges 2106 01:42:42,939 --> 01:42:41,449 so these vehicles need to be safe in 2107 01:42:44,830 --> 01:42:42,949 order to be able to fly in the cities 2108 01:42:48,370 --> 01:42:44,840 right and then we also need to make them 2109 01:42:53,049 --> 01:42:48,380 quiet and then also they need to be 2110 01:42:55,440 --> 01:42:53,059 efficient because right now i drone can 2111 01:42:57,450 --> 01:42:55,450 only fly for like 10 20 minutes 2112 01:43:01,030 --> 01:42:57,460 [Music] 2113 01:43:02,290 --> 01:43:01,040 so okay okay you want to go bigger and 2114 01:43:04,090 --> 01:43:02,300 then you want to carry people and they 2115 01:43:05,920 --> 01:43:04,100 will have to be saved so we're doing CFD 2116 01:43:07,570 --> 01:43:05,930 simulations of these vehicles that's 2117 01:43:09,670 --> 01:43:07,580 pretty cool so all those challenges for 2118 01:43:11,350 --> 01:43:09,680 urban air mobility you can work on in 2119 01:43:18,460 --> 01:43:11,360 supercomputing mm-hmm and then you'll 2120 01:43:24,340 --> 01:43:18,470 pass those on to the aerospace we can 2121 01:43:28,440 --> 01:43:24,350 fly or work like what's what's your 2122 01:43:32,980 --> 01:43:28,450 dream big for for your area of expertise 2123 01:43:35,800 --> 01:43:32,990 my dream big is that we are a deep 2124 01:43:39,070 --> 01:43:35,810 spacefaring people I mean that that 2125 01:43:43,090 --> 01:43:39,080 really is kind of where we want to go 2126 01:43:45,670 --> 01:43:43,100 next NASA has been a pioneer on low 2127 01:43:48,010 --> 01:43:45,680 Earth orbit we've been a pioneer to the 2128 01:43:51,340 --> 01:43:48,020 moon we want to go back to the moon 2129 01:43:53,410 --> 01:43:51,350 right start looking at technologies that 2130 01:43:57,060 --> 01:43:53,420 would we would need to actually go to 2131 01:44:00,160 --> 01:43:57,070 planets farther out Mars specifically 2132 01:44:03,220 --> 01:44:00,170 but we've got to have a testing ground 2133 01:44:06,730 --> 01:44:03,230 we've got to understand what it means to 2134 01:44:08,800 --> 01:44:06,740 to do these things but still be able to 2135 01:44:12,310 --> 01:44:08,810 come back to earth and retool and you 2136 01:44:17,010 --> 01:44:12,320 know so a lot of technologies have to be 2137 01:44:22,200 --> 01:44:17,020 enabled for us to be to go farther right 2138 01:44:25,210 --> 01:44:22,210 one such and shameless plug right is 2139 01:44:29,230 --> 01:44:25,220 entry descent and landing technologies 2140 01:44:31,540 --> 01:44:29,240 like this one adapt we want you know we 2141 01:44:36,190 --> 01:44:31,550 want to go larger than robotic missions 2142 01:44:39,160 --> 01:44:36,200 we want to go larger than small science 2143 01:44:42,550 --> 01:44:39,170 missions those kinds of things and we 2144 01:44:45,970 --> 01:44:42,560 want to land habitats and people and to 2145 01:44:48,250 --> 01:44:45,980 me if we can find that in it's hard work 2146 01:44:49,720 --> 01:44:48,260 there's no simple answer that's why no 2147 01:44:51,610 --> 01:44:49,730 one's done it yet no one's quite 2148 01:44:53,620 --> 01:44:51,620 completed it right because we're all 2149 01:44:57,070 --> 01:44:53,630 trying to figure out how what is the 2150 01:44:59,650 --> 01:44:57,080 efficient way what is the safest way how 2151 01:45:03,220 --> 01:44:59,660 do we do this successfully and I think 2152 01:45:04,900 --> 01:45:03,230 what's really great is NASA and the 2153 01:45:09,010 --> 01:45:04,910 United States is involved in this 2154 01:45:11,290 --> 01:45:09,020 problem I mean it's it's yeah absolutely 2155 01:45:13,390 --> 01:45:11,300 so this is my that's 2156 01:45:15,520 --> 01:45:13,400 it's my like technologies on the 2157 01:45:17,980 --> 01:45:15,530 forefront are really about how do we how 2158 01:45:21,400 --> 01:45:17,990 do we go to deep space I mean it's it 2159 01:45:23,230 --> 01:45:21,410 really is that is cool really cool I was 2160 01:45:24,790 --> 01:45:23,240 just saying what about the question we 2161 01:45:29,800 --> 01:45:24,800 wanted to ask do you guys have a 2162 01:45:32,020 --> 01:45:29,810 favorite base craft or aircraft could 2163 01:45:39,580 --> 01:45:32,030 you choose is that a terrible choice to 2164 01:45:42,460 --> 01:45:39,590 force you to make well I like aircraft 2165 01:45:44,170 --> 01:45:42,470 and spacecraft so the ex-59 low boom 2166 01:45:48,040 --> 01:45:44,180 flight demonstrator is one of my 2167 01:45:52,000 --> 01:45:48,050 favorite aircraft right now just because 2168 01:45:54,460 --> 01:45:52,010 it is exactly what NASA does does the 2169 01:45:57,100 --> 01:45:54,470 work to create the next industry in our 2170 01:46:02,020 --> 01:45:57,110 country which is really amazing yeah 2171 01:46:04,000 --> 01:46:02,030 and that's the plan is to create a 2172 01:46:07,330 --> 01:46:04,010 supersonic plane that reduces the noise 2173 01:46:22,390 --> 01:46:07,340 of the boom and and can fly over land 2174 01:46:24,880 --> 01:46:22,400 and I was open to civilians so I love I 2175 01:46:30,360 --> 01:46:24,890 love spacecraft and right now my 2176 01:46:34,510 --> 01:46:33,070 yeah I guess I have to say the these 2177 01:46:37,660 --> 01:46:34,520 urban air mobility vehicles have been 2178 01:46:41,560 --> 01:46:37,670 working on so I don't think we have a 2179 01:46:44,800 --> 01:46:41,570 picture for it but it's called a side by 2180 01:46:47,740 --> 01:46:44,810 side aircraft it's a concept it's like 2181 01:46:50,070 --> 01:46:47,750 looks like a helicopter but instead of 2182 01:46:53,200 --> 01:46:50,080 one main rotor he has two rotors and 2183 01:46:55,180 --> 01:46:53,210 these two rotors overlap but they're 2184 01:46:57,670 --> 01:46:55,190 synchronized so like the blades on yeah 2185 01:47:01,060 --> 01:46:57,680 I guess against each other and these 2186 01:47:03,910 --> 01:47:01,070 overlapping we were still working on it 2187 01:47:07,780 --> 01:47:03,920 but it looks like improves the 2188 01:47:11,479 --> 01:47:07,790 efficiency by 20% in cruise flight okay 2189 01:47:14,030 --> 01:47:11,489 so yeah I'm cool 2190 01:47:25,040 --> 01:47:14,040 yeah that's cool yeah might there might 2191 01:47:28,160 --> 01:47:25,050 be a video soon you know I I'm like 2192 01:47:29,350 --> 01:47:28,170 Sarah I we all love fluid so anything 2193 01:47:32,660 --> 01:47:29,360 that flies through the air 2194 01:47:36,590 --> 01:47:32,670 we're just in love with so many more 2195 01:47:38,870 --> 01:47:36,600 thing actually air is a fluid in the 2196 01:47:41,180 --> 01:47:38,880 beginning yeah as fluid dynamicists 2197 01:47:42,800 --> 01:47:41,190 aerospace engineers we consider anything 2198 01:47:52,280 --> 01:47:42,810 that's a gas or liquid anything that's 2199 01:47:54,770 --> 01:47:52,290 deformable yeah yeah my favorites happen 2200 01:47:57,170 --> 01:47:54,780 to be the ones I've worked on yeah and I 2201 01:47:59,840 --> 01:47:57,180 you know the really exciting piece of 2202 01:48:01,220 --> 01:47:59,850 that is like you know in my career so 2203 01:48:03,110 --> 01:48:01,230 far I've gotten to work on the Orion 2204 01:48:04,040 --> 01:48:03,120 space vehicle we've applied the PSP 2205 01:48:07,490 --> 01:48:04,050 there 2206 01:48:09,200 --> 01:48:07,500 the SLS at tres brace wing is one of the 2207 01:48:11,990 --> 01:48:09,210 experimental aircraft that we are 2208 01:48:14,690 --> 01:48:12,000 testing and collecting a lot of data on 2209 01:48:16,910 --> 01:48:14,700 assessing and I think the really 2210 01:48:20,300 --> 01:48:16,920 interesting part I remember when we did 2211 01:48:21,500 --> 01:48:20,310 am one of the Orion spacecraft and I 2212 01:48:23,450 --> 01:48:21,510 woke up early because you know it was 2213 01:48:24,650 --> 01:48:23,460 launching at Kennedy so it was like 2214 01:48:27,050 --> 01:48:24,660 three o'clock in the morning here at 2215 01:48:29,660 --> 01:48:27,060 woke up early and you know I've been 2216 01:48:32,930 --> 01:48:29,670 here maybe four years at that point so 2217 01:48:35,390 --> 01:48:32,940 you're just like shy and and excited but 2218 01:48:37,970 --> 01:48:35,400 yeah it was like magical in my heart 2219 01:48:40,700 --> 01:48:37,980 because you know my fingerprint was on 2220 01:48:42,290 --> 01:48:40,710 that yeah and it's really cool and like 2221 01:48:43,880 --> 01:48:42,300 each of one of us here have our 2222 01:48:46,040 --> 01:48:43,890 fingerprints on something like that and 2223 01:48:48,110 --> 01:48:46,050 I think it's a wonderful example about 2224 01:48:51,830 --> 01:48:48,120 NASA that it's like not any one of us 2225 01:48:54,400 --> 01:48:51,840 creates an SLS or in a dead or a drone 2226 01:48:58,010 --> 01:48:54,410 but it's like this community of experts 2227 01:48:59,360 --> 01:48:58,020 across many fields including the two of 2228 01:49:01,729 --> 01:48:59,370 y'all that like it's important to get 2229 01:49:03,260 --> 01:49:01,739 the PR out there and do shows like this 2230 01:49:05,000 --> 01:49:03,270 does show like this is what NASA is 2231 01:49:06,709 --> 01:49:05,010 doing so like we have our finger prints 2232 01:49:08,810 --> 01:49:06,719 on that and a nice because we all have a 2233 01:49:10,630 --> 01:49:08,820 little piece of the story yeah yeah and 2234 01:49:13,729 --> 01:49:10,640 it's all about telling our story yeah 2235 01:49:16,130 --> 01:49:13,739 explaining we have some questions about 2236 01:49:17,180 --> 01:49:16,140 your careers but a quick technical 2237 01:49:20,720 --> 01:49:17,190 question for Sara 2238 01:49:22,340 --> 01:49:20,730 how is it going to reduce the supersonic 2239 01:49:24,120 --> 01:49:22,350 boom so that would be the ex-59 2240 01:49:26,129 --> 01:49:24,130 experimental plane 2241 01:49:28,950 --> 01:49:26,139 the way it reduces the boom is by virtue 2242 01:49:31,589 --> 01:49:28,960 of its geometry so you can design the 2243 01:49:34,319 --> 01:49:31,599 the vehicle's geometry to create a 2244 01:49:37,290 --> 01:49:34,329 pressure wave does that does not have as 2245 01:49:38,990 --> 01:49:37,300 much of a loud boom when it reaches well 2246 01:49:42,830 --> 01:49:39,000 when it when it creates that shockwave 2247 01:49:45,629 --> 01:49:42,840 mm-hmm the geometry of the plane coat 2248 01:49:47,729 --> 01:49:45,639 yeah and if we can think of it was like 2249 01:49:49,709 --> 01:49:47,739 that pressure wave that we hear is the 2250 01:49:51,780 --> 01:49:49,719 sonic boom like that's energy coming 2251 01:49:54,270 --> 01:49:51,790 from the airplane and hitting our ear so 2252 01:49:56,490 --> 01:49:54,280 if we can distribute that energy over 2253 01:49:58,800 --> 01:49:56,500 like a longer nose which we'll look at 2254 01:50:00,959 --> 01:49:58,810 the can look at pictures of the ex-59 2255 01:50:03,089 --> 01:50:00,969 and see how long the nose is then we're 2256 01:50:04,859 --> 01:50:03,099 not deep we're decreasing the energy 2257 01:50:06,330 --> 01:50:04,869 that's coming to us to our ears so 2258 01:50:17,669 --> 01:50:06,340 spreading it out yeah so that's why it's 2259 01:50:19,140 --> 01:50:17,679 called the low boom okay well I do have 2260 01:50:34,500 --> 01:50:19,150 a comment from the chat they said these 2261 01:50:36,689 --> 01:50:34,510 women are such an inspiration model here 2262 01:50:37,950 --> 01:50:36,699 since its national stem day and I'm sure 2263 01:50:39,600 --> 01:50:37,960 there's people out there thinking about 2264 01:50:42,180 --> 01:50:39,610 like oh like I want to be an engineer 2265 01:50:43,470 --> 01:50:42,190 but I don't know what I think like 2266 01:50:45,180 --> 01:50:43,480 everything that we've talked about today 2267 01:50:46,950 --> 01:50:45,190 has been like a great example so it's 2268 01:50:49,350 --> 01:50:46,960 like if you like material science like I 2269 01:50:52,919 --> 01:50:49,360 see this woven fabric here and I saw the 2270 01:50:56,069 --> 01:50:52,929 chemistry of the paint yeah and I yeah 2271 01:50:58,800 --> 01:50:56,079 the the supercomputing know like heat 2272 01:51:00,180 --> 01:50:58,810 transfer we look at the structure here 2273 01:51:02,879 --> 01:51:00,190 if you like structures if you're more of 2274 01:51:06,000 --> 01:51:02,889 a mechanical person the whole electrical 2275 01:51:08,370 --> 01:51:06,010 computer science field so you know 2276 01:51:10,080 --> 01:51:08,380 there's a great story about just our 2277 01:51:11,970 --> 01:51:10,090 sharing and then also the women that 2278 01:51:14,580 --> 01:51:11,980 have come before us to share just like 2279 01:51:16,410 --> 01:51:14,590 this plethora of ideas and like we all 2280 01:51:18,540 --> 01:51:16,420 have a different background and found 2281 01:51:21,180 --> 01:51:18,550 our love language 2282 01:51:22,770 --> 01:51:21,190 and in different areas so there's yeah 2283 01:51:24,300 --> 01:51:22,780 there's I think that's a beautiful story 2284 01:51:27,330 --> 01:51:24,310 about NASA that like there's really a 2285 01:51:29,610 --> 01:51:27,340 flavor of every engineer here okay so 2286 01:51:31,410 --> 01:51:29,620 specifically like if we have you know 2287 01:51:33,360 --> 01:51:31,420 some of our users at home or our viewers 2288 01:51:36,870 --> 01:51:33,370 at home like what piece of advice would 2289 01:51:38,460 --> 01:51:36,880 you give to a young student who's trying 2290 01:51:42,360 --> 01:51:38,470 to figure out what they want to do or 2291 01:51:44,850 --> 01:51:42,370 what they want to be yeah can i I will 2292 01:51:46,350 --> 01:51:44,860 say one thing communicate it's so 2293 01:51:47,910 --> 01:51:46,360 important to communicate like as we've 2294 01:51:50,640 --> 01:51:47,920 talked like passing data back and forth 2295 01:51:52,350 --> 01:51:50,650 talking to one another that's so 2296 01:51:54,150 --> 01:51:52,360 important to that that's often a kind of 2297 01:51:56,940 --> 01:51:54,160 a fluffy answer but communicate I also 2298 01:51:58,980 --> 01:51:56,950 would say start and don't stop like I 2299 01:52:00,360 --> 01:51:58,990 look at different times like in my 2300 01:52:01,650 --> 01:52:00,370 academic career and my professional 2301 01:52:03,510 --> 01:52:01,660 career where there's just this daunting 2302 01:52:05,430 --> 01:52:03,520 task that's like I've never heard of 2303 01:52:06,750 --> 01:52:05,440 pressure-sensitive paint but now you 2304 01:52:08,730 --> 01:52:06,760 know I claim I'm one of the world's 2305 01:52:12,060 --> 01:52:08,740 experts in that and so you just you just 2306 01:52:15,050 --> 01:52:12,070 stay the stay start and don't stop just 2307 01:52:18,600 --> 01:52:15,060 keep keep going at it keep plugging away 2308 01:52:22,280 --> 01:52:18,610 cool what about you Patrice she's yeah I 2309 01:52:24,810 --> 01:52:22,290 would say fashioned with excellence so 2310 01:52:26,670 --> 01:52:24,820 whatever you choose to do do it with 2311 01:52:31,560 --> 01:52:26,680 passion and the excellence will come 2312 01:52:36,150 --> 01:52:31,570 with it okay yeah I would my piece of 2313 01:52:38,220 --> 01:52:36,160 advice is never let any self-doubt or 2314 01:52:41,760 --> 01:52:38,230 anything external to you prevent you 2315 01:52:45,230 --> 01:52:41,770 from staying the course and so stay the 2316 01:52:47,520 --> 01:52:45,240 course because I know for myself 2317 01:52:50,610 --> 01:52:47,530 math and science actually didn't come 2318 01:52:52,920 --> 01:52:50,620 easy to me I I struggled with it 2319 01:52:55,290 --> 01:52:52,930 but when I actually learned it it was 2320 01:52:57,480 --> 01:52:55,300 the most amazing experience every time I 2321 01:52:59,730 --> 01:52:57,490 sat down to a math problem even though I 2322 01:53:03,090 --> 01:52:59,740 knew I was gonna study longer or it was 2323 01:53:04,800 --> 01:53:03,100 gonna be harder at the end I was just 2324 01:53:06,210 --> 01:53:04,810 like oh my gosh I figured it out this is 2325 01:53:09,270 --> 01:53:06,220 so cool and now it's teaching me 2326 01:53:11,730 --> 01:53:09,280 something and so I no matter what 2327 01:53:14,880 --> 01:53:11,740 challenges I encountered throughout my 2328 01:53:17,820 --> 01:53:14,890 life it was really important to never 2329 01:53:20,730 --> 01:53:17,830 let those kinds of things prevent me 2330 01:53:25,440 --> 01:53:20,740 from staying the course and that's what 2331 01:53:26,880 --> 01:53:25,450 I would tell youngsters great piece of 2332 01:53:28,620 --> 01:53:26,890 advice I think that's really 2333 01:53:30,900 --> 01:53:28,630 inspirational to hear where it didn't 2334 01:53:33,150 --> 01:53:30,910 come easily to people like you 2335 01:53:35,490 --> 01:53:33,160 they don't have to be a superstar in 2336 01:53:38,040 --> 01:53:35,500 math to end up working at NASA he just 2337 01:53:41,790 --> 01:53:38,050 got a workout at it that's rapport ask 2338 01:53:44,460 --> 01:53:41,800 your sister she was one year she were 2339 01:53:45,420 --> 01:53:44,470 one year apart and she's always better 2340 01:53:53,220 --> 01:53:45,430 in math than me 2341 01:53:54,570 --> 01:53:53,230 so I would ask her questions I think 2342 01:53:57,390 --> 01:53:54,580 something that's really beautiful here 2343 01:53:59,370 --> 01:53:57,400 with having all the women that we've had 2344 01:54:01,470 --> 01:53:59,380 on the show it's you know there was 2345 01:54:02,970 --> 01:54:01,480 there's we were talking about running 2346 01:54:05,460 --> 01:54:02,980 when y'all showed Sunita Williams 2347 01:54:06,990 --> 01:54:05,470 earlier and you know she's famously ran 2348 01:54:09,120 --> 01:54:07,000 the Boston Marathon his face but there's 2349 01:54:10,920 --> 01:54:09,130 another marathon runner sheelane 2350 01:54:12,960 --> 01:54:10,930 Flanagan and she won the New York City 2351 01:54:15,120 --> 01:54:12,970 Marathon last year and she had this 2352 01:54:16,560 --> 01:54:15,130 great article talking about her bringing 2353 01:54:17,790 --> 01:54:16,570 other women into this running club and 2354 01:54:20,790 --> 01:54:17,800 she said it's not so lonely at the top 2355 01:54:24,750 --> 01:54:20,800 if you bring others along and you know 2356 01:54:26,820 --> 01:54:24,760 and in that passion you know talking to 2357 01:54:29,430 --> 01:54:26,830 one another making room for more women 2358 01:54:31,830 --> 01:54:29,440 and science technology engineering and 2359 01:54:33,810 --> 01:54:31,840 math like we we have a responsibility to 2360 01:54:37,350 --> 01:54:33,820 pull each other in and say look what 2361 01:54:39,060 --> 01:54:37,360 she's doing Wow she's amazing yeah get a 2362 01:54:53,160 --> 01:54:39,070 chance to highlight other Wonder Woman 2363 01:54:55,320 --> 01:54:53,170 in your life thank you for joining us 2364 01:54:57,480 --> 01:54:55,330 and also a thank you at home for joining 2365 01:55:02,940 --> 01:54:57,490 us you can learn more about women at 2366 01:55:05,090 --> 01:55:02,950 NASA by going to Women nasa.gov and this 2367 01:55:07,230 --> 01:55:05,100 has been NASA in Silicon Valley live a 2368 01:55:09,270 --> 01:55:07,240 conversational show out of NASA's Ames 2369 01:55:11,550 --> 01:55:09,280 Research Center with the various 2370 01:55:13,500 --> 01:55:11,560 scientists researchers and engineers and 2371 01:55:16,350 --> 01:55:13,510 all all around cool folks here at NASA 2372 01:55:18,060 --> 01:55:16,360 where we get to talk about all the nerdy 2373 01:55:20,940 --> 01:55:18,070 NASA news that you need to know about 2374 01:55:24,450 --> 01:55:20,950 and if you like that you can find us on 2375 01:55:26,550 --> 01:55:24,460 Twitter YouTube Facebook and NASA TV and 2376 01:55:28,260 --> 01:55:26,560 if you can't catch us live but that is 2377 01:55:29,940 --> 01:55:28,270 no big deal 2378 01:55:31,950 --> 01:55:29,950 we will have the video on demand after 2379 01:55:34,080 --> 01:55:31,960 the show is over and you can also catch 2380 01:55:36,570 --> 01:55:34,090 the audio version of this podcast 2381 01:55:39,150 --> 01:55:36,580 through services throughout these 2382 01:55:41,130 --> 01:55:39,160 awesome a beyond and a huge thank you to 2383 01:55:43,110 --> 01:55:41,140 our guests and everyone that joined us 2384 01:55:44,229 --> 01:55:43,120 on the twitch chat we'll be back next 2385 01:55:46,180 --> 01:55:44,239 week on 2386 01:55:48,040 --> 01:55:46,190 Thursday November 15th where we'll talk 2387 01:55:50,860 --> 01:55:48,050 about heat shields and how they help 2388 01:55:54,520 --> 01:55:50,870 spacecraft survive atmospheric entry and 2389 01:55:55,800 --> 01:55:54,530 tell that until next day thank you for